{"id":4218,"date":"2025-03-05T08:46:01","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T08:46:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/?p=4218"},"modified":"2026-01-08T04:48:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T04:48:52","slug":"bonded-warehouse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/bonded-warehouse\/","title":{"rendered":"Bonded Warehouse Solutions in Malaysia: Definition and Types"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Your best-selling products start flying off the shelves, but before you know it, they\u2019re out of stock. Customers leave disappointed, and sales take a hit. Meanwhile, other items sit untouched, take up space, and fill up warehouses until they expire.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s frustrating, right? Balancing what to stock and when to reorder isn\u2019t easy without a clear system in place. You might end up over-ordering slow-moving items or missing out on sales because popular products run out too soon.<\/p>\n<p>Without a proper way to track inventory, these problems can quickly eat into your profits. Hence, many businesses use various systems, and a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/inventory-management-system\">periodic inventory system<\/a> is one among many to manage stock without the stress of constant tracking. Get a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/free-product-demo\/\">free demo<\/a> now!<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #fffacd; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); border-radius: 25px 25px 25px 25px;\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 15px; border: none;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><span style=\"background-color: #990000; color: #ffffff; padding: 5px;\"><b>Key Takeaways<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#definition\">A periodic inventory system<\/a> tracks stock at intervals, so it is simple and cost-effective but lacks real-time updates.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">It <a href=\"#used\">works for small businesses<\/a> with low stock turnover but growing businesses may struggle with delays and manual tracking.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#challenge\">Compared to perpetual systems<\/a>, it requires more manual work and does not support automatic restocking.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"#hashmicro\">HashMicro&#8217;s Inventory Software<\/a> helps businesses reduce errors and improve stock control without complex setups.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/free-product-demo\/?medium=free-product-demo\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/free-demo-desktop-my.webp\" data-desktop-src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/free-demo-desktop-my.webp\" data-mobile-src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/free-demo-mobile-my.jpg\" alt=\"FreeDemo\" class=\"responsive-image-banner\"><\/a>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n    \/\/ check which image to use based on screensize\r\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n        function updateImageSource() {\r\n            var images = document.querySelectorAll('.responsive-image-banner');\r\n            var screenWidth = window.innerWidth;\r\n\r\n            images.forEach(function(img) {\r\n                var mobileSrc = img.getAttribute('data-mobile-src');\r\n                var desktopSrc = img.getAttribute('data-desktop-src');\r\n\r\n                if (screenWidth < 576 && mobileSrc) {\r\n                    img.setAttribute('src', mobileSrc);\r\n                } else {\r\n                    img.setAttribute('src', desktopSrc);\r\n                }\r\n            });\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Initial check\r\n        updateImageSource();\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Update on resize\r\n        window.addEventListener('resize', updateImageSource);\r\n    });\r\n<\/script><!-- <div id=\"toc_group_article\" style=''>\r\n\t<p style='font-size:25px;font-weight:bold; margin-bottom:0px'>\r\n\t\tTable of Content\r\n\t<\/p>\r\n\t<ul id=\"list_toc\" class='list_toc'><\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"dropdown-fixed-top\" id=\"dropdown-fixed-top\">\r\n\t<div class=\"row\">\r\n\t\t<p id=\"pilihDaftarIsi\">Content Lists<\/p>\r\n\t\t<p><i class=\"td-icon-menu-down\"><\/i><\/p>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\r\n\t<div>\r\n\t\t<ul id=\"list_toc_top\" class='list_toc'><\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div> -->\r\n\r\n<!-- TOC mobile -->\r\n<div id=\"placeholder-toc\"><\/div>\r\n<div id=\"toc\">\r\n    <div class=\"header\">\r\n\t<span class=\"toc-title\" id=\"toc-title\">Table of Content<\/span>\t\r\n\t <i class=\"toc-icon\">\r\n        <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"header-icon\">\r\n          <path d=\"m6 9 6 6 6-6\" \/>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n      <\/i>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"list\">\r\n      <ul id=\"toc-list\"><\/ul>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<!-- TOC mobile -->\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n\t@media (max-width: 992px) {\r\n\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 24px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_float {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 250px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 4px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top li {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\t\tlist-style: none;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top.show {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tcolor: #434343;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #bbb;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\tposition: fixed;\r\n\t\ttop: 59px;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 2px solid #9c171e;\r\n\t\tpadding: 12px;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tcursor: pointer;\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tleft: 0;\r\n\t\tbox-shadow: 0 -2px 7px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#dropdown-fixed-top.show {\r\n\t\tanimation: showAnim 0.5s ease;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes showAnim {\r\n\t\tfrom {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\tto {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top #list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(50vh - 110px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: scroll;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row {\r\n\t\tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t\tjustify-content: space-between\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row p {\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#pilihDaftarIsi {\r\n\t\tmax-width: 100%;\r\n\t\toverflow: hidden;\r\n\t\twhite-space: nowrap;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 1018px) {\r\n\t\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc > li > ul {padding-left: 20px;margin-bottom: 0;}\r\n\t#list_toc{height:max-content;transition:ease-in-out}\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_top li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {padding:3px 7px}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tcolor: #000;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 6px;\r\n\t\tpadding-top: 2px;\r\n\t\tpadding-bottom: 2px;\r\n\t\ttransition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 15px;\r\n\t\tline-height: 18px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li{list-style:none;list-style-position:inside; margin-left:0;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float a:hover{color:#b1252d;}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc_group_float{\r\n\t\tline-height: 24px;\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 100px);\r\n\t\toverflow: auto;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tdisplay:none!important;\r\n\t\tbackground:#fff;\r\n\t\ttransition:all 0.5s linear\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width:1019px){\r\n\t\t#toc_group_float {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:block!important;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:none;\r\n\t\t}\t\t\t\t\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n\t@media (max-width: 992px) {\r\n\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 24px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_float {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 250px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 4px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top li {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\t\tlist-style: none;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top.show {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tcolor: #434343;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #bbb;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\tposition: fixed;\r\n\t\ttop: 59px;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 2px solid #9c171e;\r\n\t\tpadding: 12px;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tcursor: pointer;\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tleft: 0;\r\n\t\tbox-shadow: 0 -2px 7px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#dropdown-fixed-top.show {\r\n\t\tanimation: showAnim 0.5s ease;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes showAnim {\r\n\t\tfrom {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\tto {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top #list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(50vh - 110px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: scroll;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row {\r\n\t\tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t\tjustify-content: space-between\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row p {\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#pilihDaftarIsi {\r\n\t\tmax-width: 100%;\r\n\t\toverflow: hidden;\r\n\t\twhite-space: nowrap;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 1018px) {\r\n\t\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc > li > ul {padding-left: 20px;margin-bottom: 0;}\r\n\t#list_toc{height:max-content;transition:ease-in-out}\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_top li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {padding:3px 7px}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tcolor: #000;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 6px;\r\n\t\tpadding-top: 2px;\r\n\t\tpadding-bottom: 2px;\r\n\t\ttransition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 15px;\r\n\t\tline-height: 18px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li{list-style:none;list-style-position:inside; margin-left:0;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float a:hover{color:#b1252d;}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc_group_float{\r\n\t\tline-height: 24px;\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 100px);\r\n\t\toverflow: auto;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tdisplay:none!important;\r\n\t\tbackground:#fff;\r\n\t\ttransition:all 0.5s linear\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width:1019px){\r\n\t\t#toc_group_float {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:block!important;\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<!-- START ToC styling  -->\r\n<style>\r\n\t\/* Simple styling for the TOC *\/\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc ul li:last-child {\r\n    padding-bottom: 16px; \/* Adjust the value as needed *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.td-fix-index {\r\n\t transform: unset !important;\r\n     -webkit-transform: unset !important; \r\n}\r\n.footer-contact .td-fix-index {\r\n\t transform: translateZ(0) !important;\r\n     -webkit-transform: translateZ(0) !important; \r\n}\r\n\t.tdb_single_content .tdb-block-inner.td-fix-index{\r\n\t\tposition: static;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\r\n#toc {\r\n  background-color: #FFF;\r\n\tpadding: 17px 24px 0px 24px !important;\r\n  margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n\/*   border: 1px solid #9C171E; *\/\r\n  border-radius: 6px;\r\n\tdisplay: none;\r\n  max-width: 100%;\r\n  transition: .4s ease height;\r\n\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\toverflow: hidden;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc .header{\r\n  display: flex;\r\n  align-items: center;\r\n  justify-content: space-between;\r\n\tbackground-color: transparent;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc.sticky .header{\r\n\t\tpadding: 4px 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.header p{\r\n  font-size: 18px !important;\r\n  font-weight: 600 !important;\r\n  color: #393939;\r\n   margin-bottom: 0;\r\n  \/* margin-top: 20px; *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.toc-icon{\r\n  float: right;\r\n\/*   visibility: hidden; *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t.toc-title{\r\n\t\tmargin-right: auto;\r\n\/* \t\tpadding-left: 20px; *\/\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 600;\r\n\t\talign-self: center;\t}\t\r\n\r\n#toc ul {\r\n  list-style-type: none;\r\n  padding-left: 0;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc.sticky ul{\r\n\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\tmax-height: 250px;\r\n\tmargin-top: 0px;\r\n\tpadding-top: 20px;\r\n\/* \tborder-top: 1px solid #d3d3d3; *\/\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc ul li {\r\n\/*   margin-bottom: 10px; *\/\r\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\r\n\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\ttransition: .2s ease;\r\n\tcursor: pointer;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc.sticky ul li {\r\n\t  margin-right: 10px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.td-post-content #toc-list li a:hover, .td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\/* \tpadding: 8px 16px 8px 16px; *\/\r\n\tpadding: 4px 16px 4px 16px;\r\n\tborder-radius: 6px;\r\n\tcolor: #9c171e !important;\r\n\tfont-weight: 600 !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.td-post-content #toc-list li:hover a, .td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\t\tcolor: #9C171E !important;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 600 !important;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\tfont-weight: bold !important;\r\n\tcolor: #9C171E !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc a, .td-post-content #toc-list a {\r\n  text-decoration: none;\r\n  color: #ea1717 !important;\r\n  transition: .2s ease;\r\n\tfont-weight: 400 !important;\r\n\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\r\n\tpadding: 4px 16px 4px 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky {\r\n  position: fixed;\r\n\/*   top: 73px; *\/\r\n\tbottom: 0;\r\n  z-index: 100; \r\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); \r\n\twidth: 100%; \r\n\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\/* \tbackground-color: #FFF1F1; *\/\r\n\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #ea1717;\r\n\/*   border: 1px solid #393939; *\/\r\n  box-shadow: 0px 0px 14px 0px #00000040;\r\n  cursor: pointer;\r\n\tanimation: fadein .3s ease;\r\n\tpadding: 12px 16px !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.fadein{\r\n\t\tanimation: fadein .3s ease;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.fadeout{\r\n\t\tanimation: fadeout .3s ease;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes fadein{\r\n\t\t0% {\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t100%{\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes fadeout{\r\n\t\t0% {\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t100%{\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\r\n#toc.sticky .header p{\r\n\tmargin-bottom: 10px;\r\n\tmargin-top: 10px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky .toc-icon{\r\n  visibility: visible;\r\n\/* \ttransition: 0.4s ease; *\/\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.toc-icon{\r\n\t\talign-items: center;\r\n    \tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\tsvg.header-icon{\r\n\/* \t\tbackground-color: #9c171e; *\/\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 30px;\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky .list{\r\n\/*   max-height: 0; *\/\r\n  transition: height 0.4s ease;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc .list{\r\n\/*   max-height: 0; *\/\r\n  transition: height 0.4s ease;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc .header.active .toc-icon{\r\n\ttransform: rotate(0deg); \r\n\topacity: 1;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t#toc .header.active + .list {\r\n\t  max-height: 200px; \/* Adjust this value as needed *\/\r\n\t  opacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#placeholder-toc{\r\n\/* \t\tdisplay: none; *\/\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px){\r\n\t\t#toc.sticky{\r\n\/* \t\t\ttop: 104px; *\/\r\n\t\t\tbottom: 0px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t#toc{\r\n\t\t\twidth: unset !important;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (max-width: 767px){\r\n\t\t#toc{\r\n\t\t\twidth: 100% !important;\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: inline-block;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t#toc.sticky{\r\n\t\t\twidth: 90% !important;\r\n\/* \t\t\ttop: 81px; *\/\r\n\t\t\tbottom: 60px;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-left: auto;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-right: auto;\r\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 16px;\r\n\t\t\tright: 5%;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t<\/style>\r\n<!-- END ToC styling  -->\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC List for mobile -->\r\n<script>\r\n \/\/ Generate TOC based on headings\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  \/\/ Get the element that will contain the TOC\r\n  const tocList = document.getElementById('toc-list');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Get the element with the ID 'article-left'\r\n  const article = document.querySelector('.td-post-content');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Find all h2 elements within 'myarticle'\r\n  const headers = article.getElementsByTagName('h2');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Loop through the h2 elements and create a list item for each one\r\n  for (let i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {\r\n    const header = headers[i];\r\n    const headerText = header.textContent;\r\n\/\/     const headerId = 'header-' + i;\r\n    const headerId = headerText\r\n    .toLowerCase()\r\n    .trim()\r\n    .replace(\/[^\\w\\s-]\/g, '')  \/\/ hapus tanda baca\r\n    .replace(\/\\s+\/g, '-'); \/\/ ganti spasi jadi \"-\"\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Set an ID for the header if it doesn't have one\r\n    header.setAttribute('id', headerId);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Create a list item for the TOC\r\n    const listItem = document.createElement('li');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Create a link for the list item\r\n    const link = document.createElement('a');\r\n    link.setAttribute('href', '#' + headerId);\r\n    link.textContent = headerText;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Append the link to the list item\r\n    listItem.appendChild(link);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Append the list item to the TOC list\r\n    tocList.appendChild(listItem);\r\n  }\r\n});\r\n\r\n\/\/ Keep height and placement of content using placeholder in place of TOC\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  const toc = document.querySelector('#toc');\r\n  const placeholderToc = document.querySelector('#placeholder-toc');\r\n\r\n  function setPlaceholderHeight() {\r\n    placeholderToc.style.height = `${toc.offsetHeight}px`;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Set the initial height of the placeholder\r\n  setPlaceholderHeight();\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Update the height on window resize\r\n  window.addEventListener('resize', setPlaceholderHeight);\r\n});\r\n  const tocTitle = document.querySelector('#toc-title'); \/\/ Assuming header-faq is the element for TOC title\r\n\r\n\/\/ Sticky TOC and update heading\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  const toc = document.querySelector('#toc');\r\n  const footer = document.querySelector('.td-footer-template-wrap');\r\n  const tocParent = toc.parentElement;\r\n  const divTop = tocParent.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset;\r\n  const tocHeight = toc.offsetHeight;\r\n  const triggerPoint = divTop + tocHeight + 700;\r\n  const footerHeight = footer.offsetHeight;\r\n  const triggerFooterPoint = footer.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset - footerHeight - footerHeight - footerHeight;\r\n  const phtoc = document.querySelector('#placeholder-toc');\r\n  const headers = document.querySelectorAll('.td-post-content h2');\r\n  const navLinks = document.querySelectorAll('#toc-list a');\r\n\t\r\n\tconst panel2 = document.querySelector(\"#toc .list\");\r\n\tvar icon = document.querySelector(\".toc-icon\");\r\n\r\n  let activeLink = null; \/\/ Declare activeLink outside the loop\r\n\t\r\n  \/\/ Function to handle scroll and add\/remove .sticky class\r\n  function handleScroll() {\r\n    const windowTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop;\r\n    let currentHeader = '';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Highlight user progress as the heading comes\r\n    headers.forEach(header => {\r\n\t\tconst headerTop = header.offsetTop;\r\n\t\tconst headerHeight = header.clientHeight;\r\n\t\tif (window.scrollY >= (headerTop - headerHeight + 700)) {\r\n\t\t\tconst currentHeaderId = header.getAttribute('id');\r\n\t\t\tconst currentHeaderText = document.getElementById(currentHeaderId).textContent;\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tconsole.log(\"current header text:\", currentHeaderText);\r\n\t\t\ttocTitle.textContent = currentHeaderText;\r\n\t\t\tcurrentHeader = currentHeaderId;\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\ttocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content';\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t});\r\n\r\n    navLinks.forEach(link => {\r\n      link.classList.remove('active');\r\n      if(currentHeader != '') {\r\n\t\t  if (link.getAttribute('href').includes(currentHeader)) {\r\n\t\t\t  link.classList.add('active');\r\n\t\t  }\r\n\t  }\r\n    });\r\n\/\/     if (windowTop < triggerFooterPoint) {\r\n\/\/         toc.style.display = 'block';\r\n\/\/ \t}else{\r\n\/\/         toc.style.display = 'none';\r\n\/\/ \t}\r\n    \/\/ Update TOC title if sticky\r\n    if (windowTop > triggerPoint) {\r\n      if (!toc.classList.contains('sticky')) {\r\n        phtoc.style.display = \"block\";\r\n        toc.classList.add('sticky');\r\n        toc.style.width = `${tocParent.offsetWidth}px`; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n        toc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n        toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\tpanel2.style.height = '0px';\r\n\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\t\t  if(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t  const tocs = document.querySelector('#toc.sticky');\r\n\t\t\t  tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n       \t\t  toc.style.width = '150px'; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n\t\t  }\r\n      }\r\n      if (currentHeader) {\r\n\/\/         console.log(\"activeLink:\", activeLink);\r\n        if (activeLink) {\r\n\/\/           tocTitle.textContent = activeLink.textContent; \/\/ Update TOC title\r\n          tocTitle.textContent = activeLink ? activeLink.textContent : \"\"; \/\/ Update title only if activeLink exists\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    } else {\r\n      toc.classList.remove('sticky');\r\n      phtoc.style.display = \"none\";\r\n      toc.style.width = 'unset'; \/\/ Reset to original width\r\n      toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n      tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n\t\tpanel2.style.height = panel2.scrollHeight + \"px\";\r\n\t\ticon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Attach the scroll event listener to the window\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Initial call to handleScroll to set the correct state on load\r\n    handleScroll();\r\n});\r\n\t\r\n\t\/\/ Open toggle TOC\r\n\t  document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n\t\tvar tocHeader = document.querySelector(\"#toc .header\");\r\n\t\tvar toc = document.querySelector(\"#toc\");\r\n\t\tvar icon = document.querySelector(\".toc-icon\");\r\n\t\tconst tocTitle = document.querySelector('#toc-title');\r\n\t\tconst tocs = document.querySelector('#toc.sticky');\r\n \t\tconst tocParent = toc.parentElement;\t\t  \r\n\r\n\t\t  tocHeader.addEventListener(\"click\", function() {\r\n\t\t\tvar panel = this.nextElementSibling;\r\n\t\t\tif (panel.style.height !== '0px') { \/\/ Check if height is not 0px\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = '0px'; \/\/ Set height to 0 for full collapse\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t\ttoc.style.paddingBottom = '6px'; \r\n\t\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth > 768){\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif(!toc.classList.contains('sticky')){\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = \"unset\";\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif (toc.classList.contains('sticky')){\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = '${tocParent.offsetWidth}px';\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = \"unset\"; \/\/ Reset width\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\ttoc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF1F1\";\r\n\t\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = panel.scrollHeight + \"px\";\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(0deg)\";\r\n\t\t\t  toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\t\t  tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n\t\t\t\ttoc.style.paddingBottom = '24px';\r\n\t\t\t \tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = `${tocParent.offsetWidth}px`; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttoc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t  });\r\n\r\n\t\t  \/\/ Close TOC when a link inside it is clicked\r\n\t\t  var tocLinks = document.querySelectorAll(\"#toc .list a\");\r\n\t\t  tocLinks.forEach(function(link) {\r\n\t\t\tlink.addEventListener(\"click\", function() {\r\n\t\t\t  var panel = document.querySelector(\"#toc .list\");\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = '0px'; \/\/ Set height to 0 for full collapse\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\t\t\t  toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\t\t});\r\n\t\t  });\r\n\t\t});\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<!-- <script>\r\n\tvar pilihDaftarIsi = document.getElementById('pilihDaftarIsi');\r\n\t\r\n\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\r\n\t\tvar dropdownFixedTop = document.querySelector('.dropdown-fixed-top');\r\n\r\n\t\tdropdownFixedTop.addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n\t\t\tvar dropdownContent = this.querySelector('.list_toc');\r\n\t\t\tdropdownContent.classList.toggle('show');\r\n\t\t});\r\n\r\n\t\twindow.addEventListener('click', function(event) {\r\n\t\t\tvar listTocTop = document.getElementById('list_toc_top');\r\n\r\n\t\t\tif (!dropdownFixedTop.contains(event.target)) {\r\n\t\t\t\tlistTocTop.classList.remove('show');\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t});\r\n\t});\r\n\t\r\n\tvar daftarIsiContainer = document.getElementById('toc_group_article');\r\n\tvar dropdownFixedTop = document.getElementById('dropdown-fixed-top');\r\n    var triggered = false; \/\/ Flag to keep track of whether the function has been triggered\r\n\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', function() {\r\n        if (!triggered && isCompletelyScrolledPast(daftarIsiContainer)) {\r\n            showSectionDropdownFixedTop(false);\r\n            triggered = true;\r\n        } else if (triggered && !isCompletelyScrolledPast(daftarIsiContainer)) {\r\n            showSectionDropdownFixedTop(true);\r\n            triggered = false;\r\n        }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    function isCompletelyScrolledPast(element) {\r\n        var elementTop = element.getBoundingClientRect().top;\r\n        var elementBottom = element.getBoundingClientRect().bottom;\r\n        return elementTop < 0 && elementBottom < 0;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function showSectionDropdownFixedTop(show) {\r\n\t\tif (show) {\r\n\t\t\tdropdownFixedTop.classList.remove(\"show\");\r\n\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\tdropdownFixedTop.classList.add(\"show\");\r\n\t\t}\r\n    }\r\n\r\n\/\/ Scrollspy function to highlight the active TOC item based on the scroll position\r\n  function scrollSpy(tocClass) {\r\n    const scrollPosition = window.scrollY;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Find the active h2 and h3 headings based on their position in the corresponding TOC\r\n    let activeH2 = null;\r\n    let activeH3 = null;\r\n\r\n    const tocItems = document.querySelectorAll(`.${tocClass} li`);\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (!a) return;\r\n      const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n      const targetId = href.substring(1); \/\/ Remove the '#' from the href to get the target ID\r\n      const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId);\r\n      if (!targetElement) return;\r\n\r\n      const targetTop = targetElement.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition;\r\n      const nextItem = item.nextElementSibling;\r\n      const nextTop = nextItem ? nextItem.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition : Infinity;\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop <= scrollPosition + 150) {\r\n        if (a.parentElement.parentElement === tocItems) {\r\n          \/\/ The h2 heading is at the root level of the TOC\r\n          activeH2 = { id: targetId, level: 'h2' };\r\n        } else {\r\n          \/\/ The h3 heading is nested under an h2 heading\r\n          const parentH2 = a.parentElement.parentElement.previousElementSibling;\r\n          if (parentH2) {\r\n            const h2Link = parentH2.querySelector('a');\r\n            if (h2Link) {\r\n              const h2Href = h2Link.getAttribute('href');\r\n              const h2Id = h2Href.substring(1);\r\n              activeH2 = { id: h2Id, level: 'h2' };\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n          activeH3 = { id: targetId, level: 'h3' };\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop > scrollPosition + 150 && nextTop > scrollPosition + 150 && !activeH3) {\r\n        \/\/ Reset the activeH2 when there are no more active h3 headings\r\n        activeH2 = null;\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Update the active state for the TOC items\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      item.classList.remove('active');\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (a) {\r\n        const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n        const targetId = href.substring(1);\r\n        if ((activeH2 && activeH2.id === targetId) || (activeH3 && activeH3.id === targetId)) {\r\n          item.classList.add('active');\r\n\t\t  pilihDaftarIsi.innerHTML = a.textContent;\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Call scrollSpy for each TOC on window scroll\r\n  const tocClasses = ['list_toc', 'list_toc_float', 'list_toc_top']; \/\/ Add other TOC class names here if you have more than two instances\r\n  tocClasses.forEach(tocClass => {\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', () => scrollSpy(tocClass));\r\n  });\r\n<\/script> -->\r\n<!-- END script lama -->\r\n\t\r\n<script>\r\n    \/\/ Scrollspy function to highlight the active TOC item based on the scroll position\r\n  function scrollSpy(tocClass) {\r\n    const scrollPosition = window.scrollY;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Find the active h2 and h3 headings based on their position in the corresponding TOC\r\n    let activeH2 = null;\r\n    let activeH3 = null;\r\n\r\n    const tocItems = document.querySelectorAll(`.${tocClass} li`);\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (!a) return;\r\n      const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n      const targetId = href.substring(1); \/\/ Remove the '#' from the href to get the target ID\r\n      const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId);\r\n      if (!targetElement) return;\r\n\r\n      const targetTop = targetElement.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition;\r\n      const nextItem = item.nextElementSibling;\r\n      const nextTop = nextItem ? nextItem.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition : Infinity;\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop <= scrollPosition + 150) {\r\n        if (a.parentElement.parentElement === tocItems) {\r\n          \/\/ The h2 heading is at the root level of the TOC\r\n          activeH2 = { id: targetId, level: 'h2' };\r\n        } else {\r\n          \/\/ The h3 heading is nested under an h2 heading\r\n          const parentH2 = a.parentElement.parentElement.previousElementSibling;\r\n          if (parentH2) {\r\n            const h2Link = parentH2.querySelector('a');\r\n            if (h2Link) {\r\n              const h2Href = h2Link.getAttribute('href');\r\n              const h2Id = h2Href.substring(1);\r\n              activeH2 = { id: h2Id, level: 'h2' };\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n          activeH3 = { id: targetId, level: 'h3' };\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop > scrollPosition + 150 && nextTop > scrollPosition + 150 && !activeH3) {\r\n        \/\/ Reset the activeH2 when there are no more active h3 headings\r\n        activeH2 = null;\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Update the active state for the TOC items\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      item.classList.remove('active');\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (a) {\r\n        const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n        const targetId = href.substring(1);\r\n        if ((activeH2 && activeH2.id === targetId) || (activeH3 && activeH3.id === targetId)) {\r\n          item.classList.add('active');\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Call scrollSpy for each TOC on window scroll\r\n  const tocClasses = ['list_toc', 'list_toc_float', 'list_toc_top']; \/\/ Add other TOC class names here if you have more than two instances\r\n  tocClasses.forEach(tocClass => {\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', () => scrollSpy(tocClass));\r\n  });\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC List for desktop side bar, diganti jadi inject by php, di code snippet \"Sidebar Accordion\" -->\r\n<!-- <script>\r\n\tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk mengubah teks menjadi format id\r\n        function formatId(text) {\r\n            return text.trim().replace(\/[^\\w\\d]+\/g, '_');\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk membuat nested list\r\n        function createNestedList(parentNode, children) {\r\n            if (children.length === 0) return;\r\n\r\n            const nestedUl = document.createElement('ul');\r\n            children.forEach(child => {\r\n                const nestedLi = document.createElement('li');\r\n                const nestedA = document.createElement('a');\r\n                nestedA.textContent = child.title;\r\n                nestedA.href = `#${child.id}`;\r\n                nestedLi.appendChild(nestedA);\r\n                nestedUl.appendChild(nestedLi);\r\n\r\n                if (child.children.length > 0) {\r\n                    createNestedList(nestedLi, child.children);\r\n                }\r\n            });\r\n\r\n            parentNode.appendChild(nestedUl);\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Membuat objek untuk menyimpan daftar h2 dan h3 beserta judulnya\r\n        const headings = [];\r\n\r\n           \/\/ Mengambil semua elemen h2 dan h3\r\n        const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.td-post-content h2');\r\n\t\t\t\/\/, .td-post-content h3\r\n\r\n        elements.forEach(element => {\r\n            if (element.tagName === 'H2') {\r\n                const id = formatId(element.textContent);\r\n                element.id = id;\r\n\t\t\t\tif(element.textContent.toLowerCase() === \"key takeaways\") {return;} \/\/ Biar ga nampilin Key Takeaways di ToC\r\n                headings.push({ level: 'h2', id: id, title: element.textContent, 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-->\r\n<\/p>\n<h2><b>What is a Periodic Inventory System?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span id=\"definition\">A <b>periodic inventory system<\/b> is a way for businesses to track inventory by physically counting it at set times, like monthly, quarterly, or yearly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Instead of continuously updating inventory records, companies check what they have at the start of a period, add new purchases, and subtract the ending inventory to calculate the cost of goods sold (COGS).<\/p>\n<p>This method is simple and budget-friendly, so it is ideal for small businesses. Since inventory is only updated at specific intervals, companies don\u2019t track stock levels in real time but instead rely on periodic counts to determine inventory value and expenses.<\/p>\n<p>Larger or growing businesses usually need more precise, real-time inventory tracking, so they often use a perpetual inventory system, which is best managed with an ERP inventory module.<\/p>\n<h2><b>How Periodic Inventory System Works<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>The periodic inventory system updates stock levels at specific times, usually every month or year. Businesses perform physical counts during these periods, known as cycle counts, to check inventory.<\/p>\n<p>After counting, they determine the cost of goods sold (COGS) by subtracting the remaining inventory from the sum of the starting inventory and new purchases. Here are the steps:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Record <b>opening inventory<\/b> at the start of the period.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Add <b>purchases<\/b> made during the period.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Conduct a <b>physical count<\/b> at the end.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Calculate <b>ending inventory<\/b> and <b>COGS<\/b>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>As this system doesn\u2019t require software like inventory or accounting software, it\u2019s commonly used by companies that sell small quantities of inventory, including art and auto dealers.<\/p>\n<p>To see how inventory methods connect with day-to-day storage and handling, you can also explore <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/warehouse-setup\/\"><strong data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"548\">practical warehouse setup approaches<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>Calculations of Periodic Inventory System<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3814\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system.webp\" alt=\"Scheduled inventory system\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-747x420.webp 747w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-696x392.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Scheduled-inventory-system-1068x601.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>To determine inventory value between physical counts, businesses start with the last recorded inventory and adjust for purchases and sales made during that period.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Start with the last recorded inventory (from the previous physical count).<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Add purchases made between the two inventory counts.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Subtract the total sales during that period to estimate the remaining stock.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Compare this estimated value with the actual physical count, and any differences are recorded as cost of goods sold (COGS).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Since physical inventory counts take time and money, many businesses rely on the periodic inventory system to track stock at intervals.<\/p>\n<p>While longer gaps between counts can lead to errors or missing items, updating inventory periodically helps prevent major losses and ensures products are available for sale.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Example of Periodic Systems<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Let\u2019s say you own <b>Kedai Trendy<\/b>, a small fashion boutique in <b>Kuala Lumpur<\/b>, specializing in trendy clothing and accessories. You use a periodic inventory system to track stock, meaning you don\u2019t update inventory in real-time but instead count it at the end of each month.<\/p>\n<h3><b>January Inventory Details:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">At the start of January, your boutique has <b>RM 50,000 <\/b>worth of inventory, including dresses, handbags, and shoes.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Throughout the month, you <b>purchase RM 20,000 <\/b>worth of new stock, such as Chinese New Year-themed outfits and accessories to keep up with seasonal demand.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Since you don\u2019t track sales daily, you wait until the end of January to conduct a physical count.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>After counting, you find that your remaining inventory is worth RM 15,000, meaning the rest was sold throughout the month.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3815\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory.webp\" alt=\"cogs calculation periodic inventory\" width=\"1102\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory.webp 1102w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory-300x51.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory-1024x176.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory-768x132.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory-150x26.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory-696x119.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cogs-calculation-periodic-inventory-1068x183.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1102px) 100vw, 1102px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>This means you <b>sold RM 55,000<\/b> worth of clothing and accessories in January.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Business Impact:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">What changed? The boutique stocked up on festive items for Chinese New Year, which boosted sales.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">What\u2019s the downside? Since inventory wasn\u2019t tracked in real-time, you may only realize certain bestsellers are out of stock once customers ask for them.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">What\u2019s the risk? You might also overstock less popular items, like handbags, while running out of high-demand products, like red cheongsams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>While the periodic inventory system is simple, it doesn\u2019t provide instant stock updates, which could impact customer satisfaction and future purchasing decisions. And if the businesses need to predict the future sale, there\u2019s a lack of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/demand-forecasting\/\">demand forecasting<\/a> to determine how they should stock up.<\/p>\n<h2><b>When is the Periodic Inventory System Used?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span id=\"used\">A small business with few products might choose a periodic inventory system if they don\u2019t plan to expand quickly. Some businesses even combine periodic and perpetual systems depending on their needs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Since a periodic system doesn\u2019t require extra equipment or complex <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/best-inventory-management-software\/\">inventory management software<\/a>, it\u2019s cheaper and easier to use. Employees can be quickly trained to count inventory, making it ideal for businesses with high staff turnover, like seasonal workers.<\/p>\n<p>A periodic system works well if you closely manage your supply chain and sell a few products. However, if you need to track missing stock or spot errors in inventory, a perpetual system is better, especially as your business grows and becomes harder to manage manually.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Benefits of Periodic Inventory System<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3813\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System.webp\" alt=\"Periodic Stock Review System\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-747x420.webp 747w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-696x392.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Periodic-Stock-Review-System-1068x601.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>One of the biggest advantages of the periodic inventory system is that it\u2019s easy to use. Instead of tracking stock in real-time, businesses count inventory at set times, avoiding the need for expensive software or complex setups.<\/p>\n<p>Here are the reasons why it works well for small businesses:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Saves Money:<\/b> No need for costly inventory software or system maintenance.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Simple Setup:<\/b> Small businesses can start using it quickly with minimal training.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Flexible Counting:<\/b> Choose when to count stock, like during slow seasons.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Less Data to Manage:<\/b> No constant updates, so businesses can focus on sales and growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For businesses with low stock turnover, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/294260364_A_periodic_inventory_control_system_with_adaptive_reference_stock_level_for_long_supply_delay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">advantages of periodic inventory system<\/a> are abundant without the extra work. Owners can spend more time on customers and business growth, knowing their stock is checked when needed.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Challenges of the Periodic Inventory\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span id=\"challenge\">One major downside of a periodic inventory system is that it provides limited information, usually just a basic product count. Since stock updates happen at specific intervals rather than in real-time, businesses can\u2019t track items as they move.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This makes it hard to pinpoint issues like missing stock or unexpected shortages. And then, this system also has other drawbacks, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Limited Updates:<\/b> Inventory is only checked at set intervals, meaning information isn\u2019t always current.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Lack of Real-Time Data:<\/b> Unlike large businesses using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/best-erp-software\/\">centralized ERP systems<\/a>, periodic inventory doesn\u2019t track sales and shipments instantly.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Stock Shortages Go Unnoticed:<\/b> Businesses might not realize a product is out of stock until a customer asks for it.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Risk of Overselling:<\/b> Online sales may occur even if the product is no longer available, leading to backorders and delays.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Stress on Staff:<\/b> Employees must manually check stock more often, increasing workload and potential errors.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>No Automatic Restocking:<\/b> Advanced businesses use automatic reordering to prevent stockouts, which periodic systems don\u2019t support.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Limited Cost Tracking:<\/b> Without real-time data, businesses can\u2019t accurately track cost per item sold, which affects profit margins.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Not Scalable for Growth:<\/b> Larger businesses need detailed and frequent inventory updates to stay competitive\u2014periodic inventory doesn\u2019t provide that.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Delayed Insights:<\/b> Businesses only get a clear inventory picture at the end of each period, making it harder to make informed decisions daily.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Periodic vs. Perpetual Inventory Systems<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>Both periodic and perpetual inventory systems help track stock, but they work differently. While perpetual inventory is more advanced since it updates transactions instantly, periodic inventory is simpler and better suited for businesses with uncertain inventory needs.<\/p>\n<h3><b>Why Perpetual Inventory Is More Detailed:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tracks every transaction in real-time, so inventory records are more accurate.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Updates the general ledger immediately after each sale or purchase.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Keeps the cost of goods sold (COGS) current without waiting for a stock count.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Why Periodic Inventory Works for Simpler Needs:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">No need for constant updates, as stock is counted only at set intervals.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Works without computer systems, making it useful for businesses with uncertain or changing stock.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Requires manual data entry after physical counts, which takes more time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>How Accounts Are Updated Differently:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Perpetual System: Purchases go into a merchandise or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/raw-material-inventory\/\">raw materials inventory<\/a> account, and stock levels are instantly adjusted.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Periodic System: Purchases are recorded in a purchase asset account, meaning individual unit tracking isn\u2019t available until after a stock count.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As businesses grow, they need to organize products, assign SKUs, and define relationships between purchases and sales, which is a step that\u2019s crucial for making a perpetual system work efficiently.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Best Practices of Periodic Inventory System<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>To manage a periodic inventory system effectively, set a consistent counting schedule to keep track of stock accurately. Depending on your business needs, you can count inventory monthly or quarterly to stay updated on stock levels.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s also important to record purchases and sales carefully. Keeping detailed and timely records helps prevent errors and makes it easier to calculate inventory and cost of goods sold (COGS) when needed.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Manage Periodic Inventory with HashMicro Inventory Software<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3817\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2.webp\" alt=\"hashmicro inventory software\" width=\"782\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2.webp 782w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2-300x184.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2-768x470.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2-686x420.webp 686w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2-150x92.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Managemen-Inventoris-2-696x426.webp 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"hashmicro\">Tracking inventory doesn\u2019t have to be a hassle. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/inventory-management-system\">HashMicro\u2019s Inventory Software<\/a> helps businesses handle periodic inventory efficiently while keeping costs low. With features designed to simplify stock management, you can maintain accurate inventory records without the need for real-time tracking.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Moreover, you can always try the free demo (without having to enter your credit\/debit card information) to see whether this system is to your liking or not.<\/p>\n<p>Here are the key features that keep inventory on track and tidied up:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Stock Take &amp; Adjustments:<\/b> Conduct physical stock counts at set intervals and update records effortlessly.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Smart Stock Forecasting:<\/b> Predict future stock needs based on sales trends to avoid shortages.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Detailed Reports &amp; COGS Tracking:<\/b> Get clear insights into stock levels and cost of goods sold (COGS) for better planning.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Multi-Location inventory management software:<\/b> Keep track of stock across different stores or warehouses, ensuring nothing goes missing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>With HashMicro\u2019s Inventory Software, you can stay on top of your stock while enjoying the flexibility of a periodic inventory system\u2014no complicated real-time tracking required!<\/p>\n<h2><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>A periodic inventory system helps businesses track stock by conducting physical counts at set intervals, like monthly or yearly. While it\u2019s cost-effective and simple, it lacks real-time updates, so growing businesses with fluctuating demands might have a harder time in the long ru<\/p>\n<p>With <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/inventory-management-system\">HashMicro\u2019s Inventory Software<\/a>, you can schedule stock counts, track purchases, and calculate COGS with ease. No more manual spreadsheets or last-minute surprises, as our system helps you update records accurately and prevent overstocking or running out of popular items.<\/p>\n<p>Instead of spending hours fixing inventory errors, let HashMicro do the work for you. Gain full control over your stock, cut unnecessary costs, and keep customers happy; all with a simple, powerful system designed to grow with your business.<\/p>\n<p>So, what are you waiting for? Try the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/free-product-demo\/\">free demo<\/a> now and optimize your inventory better!<\/p>\n<p><span data-sheets-root=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/free-product-demo\/?medium=free-product-demo\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/free-demo-desktop-my.webp\" data-desktop-src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/free-demo-desktop-my.webp\" data-mobile-src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/my\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/free-demo-mobile-my.jpg\" alt=\"FreeDemo\" class=\"responsive-image-banner\"><\/a>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n    \/\/ check which image to use based on screensize\r\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n        function updateImageSource() {\r\n            var images = document.querySelectorAll('.responsive-image-banner');\r\n            var screenWidth = window.innerWidth;\r\n\r\n            images.forEach(function(img) {\r\n                var mobileSrc = img.getAttribute('data-mobile-src');\r\n                var desktopSrc = img.getAttribute('data-desktop-src');\r\n\r\n                if (screenWidth < 576 && mobileSrc) {\r\n                    img.setAttribute('src', mobileSrc);\r\n                } else {\r\n                    img.setAttribute('src', desktopSrc);\r\n                }\r\n            });\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Initial check\r\n        updateImageSource();\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Update on resize\r\n        window.addEventListener('resize', updateImageSource);\r\n    });\r\n<\/script><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Frequently Asked Questions on Periodic Inventory System<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"bottom_faq\">\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>What types of businesses typically use a periodic inventory system?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>Small businesses with limited inventory, such as art galleries or car dealerships, often use periodic inventory systems due to their simplicity and lower cost.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>How does a periodic inventory system handle inventory shrinkage?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>Periodic systems may not immediately detect inventory losses from theft, damage, or errors, as these are only identified during physical counts at the end of each period.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Can a periodic inventory system be used alongside a perpetual inventory system?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>Yes, some businesses may combine both systems, using a perpetual system for high-value items requiring constant tracking and a periodic system for lower-value items.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>What accounting methods are compatible with periodic inventory systems?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>Businesses using periodic inventory systems can apply various accounting methods, such as First-In, First-Out (FIFO), Last-In, First-Out (LIFO), or weighted average cost, to value their inventory.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What types of businesses typically use a periodic inventory system?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Small businesses with limited inventory, such as art galleries or car dealerships, often use periodic inventory systems due to their simplicity and lower cost.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"How does a periodic inventory system handle inventory shrinkage?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Periodic systems may not immediately detect inventory losses from theft, damage, or errors, as these are only identified during physical counts at the end of each period.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"What accounting methods are compatible with periodic inventory systems?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Businesses using periodic inventory systems can apply various accounting methods, such as First-In, First-Out (FIFO), Last-In, First-Out (LIFO), or weighted average cost, to value their inventory.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"Can a periodic inventory system be used alongside a perpetual inventory system?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Yes, some businesses may combine both systems, using a perpetual system for high-value items requiring constant tracking and a periodic system for lower-value items.\"\n    }\n  }]\n}\n<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Your best-selling products start flying off the shelves, but before you know it, they\u2019re out of stock. Customers leave disappointed, and sales take a hit. Meanwhile, other items sit untouched, take up space, and fill up warehouses until they expire. It\u2019s frustrating, right? Balancing what to stock and when to reorder isn\u2019t easy without a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":4258,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4218","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-warehouse"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bonded Warehouse Solutions in Malaysia: Definition and Types<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A bonded warehouse is a secure storage facility where goods can be stored duty-free until they&#039;re released for sale or export,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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