{"id":70654,"date":"2025-04-09T08:46:58","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T08:46:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/?p=70654"},"modified":"2025-10-13T07:25:35","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T07:25:35","slug":"lump-sum-contract","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/lump-sum-contract\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is a Lump Sum Contract and How Does It Work?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lump sum contract is a construction agreement where the contractor agrees to complete a project for a fixed price.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yet, many project owners and contractors still struggle with vague scopes, unexpected cost changes, and drawn-out negotiations\u2014often leading to disputes and delays. It&#8217;s frustrating, right? Especially when you think the budget is locked in, only to run into unplanned work or pricing confusion later.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Is there a more structured and reliable way to manage project costs? Lump sum contracts might be the right solution. They offer cost certainty, simplified accounting, and more explicit expectations for both parties.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this article, we&#8217;ll explain a lump sum contract, how it works, and why it could be the right fit for your construction project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><!-- <div id=\"toc_group_article\" style=''>\r\n\t<p style='font-size:25px;font-weight:bold; margin-bottom:0px'>\r\n\t\tTable of Content:\r\n\t<\/p>\r\n\t<ul id=\"list_toc\" class='list_toc'><\/ul>\r\n<\/div> -->\r\n\r\n<!-- <div class=\"dropdown-fixed-top\" id=\"dropdown-fixed-top\">\r\n\t<div class=\"row\">\r\n\t\t<p id=\"pilihDaftarIsi\">Table of Content<\/p>\r\n\t\t<p><i class=\"td-icon-menu-down\"><\/i><\/p>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\r\n\t<div>\r\n\t\t<ul id=\"list_toc_top\" class='list_toc'><\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div> -->\r\n\r\n<div id=\"placeholder-toc\"><\/div>\r\n<div id=\"toc\">\r\n    <div class=\"header\">\r\n\t<span class=\"toc-title\" id=\"toc-title\">Table of Content<\/span>\t\r\n\t <i class=\"toc-icon\">\r\n        <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"header-icon\">\r\n          <path d=\"m6 9 6 6 6-6\" \/>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n      <\/i>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"list\">\r\n      <ul id=\"toc-list\"><\/ul>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n\t@media (max-width: 992px) {\r\n\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 24px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_float {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 250px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 4px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top li {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\t\tlist-style: none;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top.show {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tcolor: #434343;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #bbb;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\tposition: fixed;\r\n\t\ttop: 59px;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 2px solid #9c171e;\r\n\t\tpadding: 12px;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tcursor: pointer;\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tleft: 0;\r\n\t\tbox-shadow: 0 -2px 7px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#dropdown-fixed-top.show {\r\n\t\tanimation: showAnim 0.5s ease;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes showAnim {\r\n\t\tfrom {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\tto {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top #list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(50vh - 110px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: scroll;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row {\r\n\t\tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t\tjustify-content: space-between\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row p {\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#pilihDaftarIsi {\r\n\t\tmax-width: 100%;\r\n\t\toverflow: hidden;\r\n\t\twhite-space: nowrap;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 1018px) {\r\n\t\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc > li > ul {padding-left: 20px;margin-bottom: 0;}\r\n\t#list_toc{height:max-content;transition:ease-in-out}\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_top li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {padding:3px 7px}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tcolor: #000;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 6px;\r\n\t\tpadding-top: 2px;\r\n\t\tpadding-bottom: 2px;\r\n\t\ttransition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 15px;\r\n\t\tline-height: 18px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li{list-style:none;list-style-position:inside; margin-left:0;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float a:hover{color:#b1252d;}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc_group_float{\r\n\t\tline-height: 24px;\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 100px);\r\n\t\toverflow: auto;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tdisplay:none!important;\r\n\t\tbackground:#fff;\r\n\t\ttransition:all 0.5s linear\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width:1019px){\r\n\t\t#toc_group_float {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:block!important;\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC styling  -->\r\n<style>\r\n\t\/* Simple styling for the TOC *\/\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc ul li:last-child {\r\n    padding-bottom: 16px; \/* Adjust the value as needed *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.td-fix-index {\r\n\t transform: unset !important;\r\n     -webkit-transform: unset !important; \r\n}\r\n.footer-contact .td-fix-index {\r\n\t transform: translateZ(0) !important;\r\n     -webkit-transform: translateZ(0) !important; \r\n}\r\n\t.tdb_single_content .tdb-block-inner.td-fix-index{\r\n\t\tposition: static;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\r\n#toc {\r\n  background-color: #FFF;\r\n\tpadding: 17px 24px 0px 24px !important;\r\n  margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n\/*   border: 1px solid #9C171E; *\/\r\n  border-radius: 6px;\r\n\tdisplay: none;\r\n  max-width: 100%;\r\n  transition: .4s ease height;\r\n\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\toverflow: hidden;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc .header{\r\n  display: flex;\r\n  align-items: center;\r\n  justify-content: space-between;\r\n\tbackground-color: transparent;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc.sticky .header{\r\n\t\tpadding: 4px 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.header p{\r\n  font-size: 18px !important;\r\n  font-weight: 600 !important;\r\n  color: #393939;\r\n   margin-bottom: 0;\r\n  \/* margin-top: 20px; *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.toc-icon{\r\n  float: right;\r\n\/*   visibility: hidden; *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t.toc-title{\r\n\t\tmargin-right: auto;\r\n\/* \t\tpadding-left: 20px; *\/\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 600;\r\n\t\talign-self: center;\t}\t\r\n\r\n#toc ul {\r\n  list-style-type: none;\r\n  padding-left: 0;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc.sticky ul{\r\n\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\tmax-height: 250px;\r\n\tmargin-top: 0px;\r\n\tpadding-top: 20px;\r\n\/* \tborder-top: 1px solid #d3d3d3; *\/\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc ul li {\r\n\/*   margin-bottom: 10px; *\/\r\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\r\n\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\ttransition: .2s ease;\r\n\tcursor: pointer;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc.sticky ul li {\r\n\t  margin-right: 10px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.td-post-content #toc-list li a:hover, .td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\/* \tpadding: 8px 16px 8px 16px; *\/\r\n\tpadding: 4px 16px 4px 16px;\r\n\tborder-radius: 6px;\r\n\tcolor: #9c171e !important;\r\n\tfont-weight: 600 !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.td-post-content #toc-list li:hover a, .td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\t\tcolor: #9C171E !important;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 600 !important;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\tfont-weight: bold !important;\r\n\tcolor: #9C171E !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc a, .td-post-content #toc-list a {\r\n  text-decoration: none;\r\n  color: #ea1717 !important;\r\n  transition: .2s ease;\r\n\tfont-weight: 400 !important;\r\n\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\r\n\tpadding: 4px 16px 4px 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky {\r\n  position: fixed;\r\n\/*   top: 73px; *\/\r\n\tbottom: 0;\r\n  z-index: 100; \r\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); \r\n\twidth: 100%; \r\n\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\/* \tbackground-color: #FFF1F1; *\/\r\n\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #ea1717;\r\n\/*   border: 1px solid #393939; *\/\r\n  box-shadow: 0px 0px 14px 0px #00000040;\r\n  cursor: pointer;\r\n\tanimation: fadein .3s ease;\r\n\tpadding: 12px 16px !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.fadein{\r\n\t\tanimation: fadein .3s ease;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.fadeout{\r\n\t\tanimation: fadeout .3s ease;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes fadein{\r\n\t\t0% {\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t100%{\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes fadeout{\r\n\t\t0% {\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t100%{\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\r\n#toc.sticky .header p{\r\n\tmargin-bottom: 10px;\r\n\tmargin-top: 10px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky .toc-icon{\r\n  visibility: visible;\r\n\/* \ttransition: 0.4s ease; *\/\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.toc-icon{\r\n\t\talign-items: center;\r\n    \tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\tsvg.header-icon{\r\n\/* \t\tbackground-color: #9c171e; *\/\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 30px;\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky .list{\r\n\/*   max-height: 0; *\/\r\n  transition: height 0.4s ease;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc .list{\r\n\/*   max-height: 0; *\/\r\n  transition: height 0.4s ease;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc .header.active .toc-icon{\r\n\ttransform: rotate(0deg); \r\n\topacity: 1;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t#toc .header.active + .list {\r\n\t  max-height: 200px; \/* Adjust this value as needed *\/\r\n\t  opacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#placeholder-toc{\r\n\/* \t\tdisplay: none; *\/\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px){\r\n\t\t#toc.sticky{\r\n\/* \t\t\ttop: 104px; *\/\r\n\t\t\tbottom: 0px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t#toc{\r\n\t\t\twidth: unset !important;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (max-width: 767px){\r\n\t\t#toc{\r\n\t\t\twidth: 100% !important;\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: inline-block;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t#toc.sticky{\r\n\t\t\twidth: 90% !important;\r\n\/* \t\t\ttop: 81px; *\/\r\n\t\t\tbottom: 60px;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-left: auto;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-right: auto;\r\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 16px;\r\n\t\t\tright: 5%;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t<\/style>\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC List for mobile -->\r\n<script>\r\n \/\/ Generate TOC based on headings\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  \/\/ Get the element that will contain the TOC\r\n  const tocList = document.getElementById('toc-list');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Get the element with the ID 'article-left'\r\n  const article = document.querySelector('.td-post-content');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Find all h2 elements within 'myarticle'\r\n  const headers = article.getElementsByTagName('h2');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Loop through the h2 elements and create a list item for each one\r\n  for (let i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {\r\n    const header = headers[i];\r\n    const headerText = header.textContent;\r\n\/\/     const headerId = 'header-' + i;\r\n    const headerId = headerText\r\n    .toLowerCase()\r\n    .trim()\r\n    .replace(\/[^\\w\\s-]\/g, '')  \/\/ hapus tanda baca\r\n    .replace(\/\\s+\/g, '-'); \/\/ ganti spasi jadi \"-\"\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Set an ID for the header if it doesn't have one\r\n    header.setAttribute('id', headerId);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Create a list item for the TOC\r\n    const listItem = document.createElement('li');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Create a link for the list item\r\n    const link = document.createElement('a');\r\n    link.setAttribute('href', '#' + headerId);\r\n    link.textContent = headerText;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Append the link to the list item\r\n    listItem.appendChild(link);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Append the list item to the TOC list\r\n    tocList.appendChild(listItem);\r\n  }\r\n});\r\n\r\n\/\/ Keep height and placement of content using placeholder in place of TOC\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  const toc = document.querySelector('#toc');\r\n  const placeholderToc = document.querySelector('#placeholder-toc');\r\n\r\n  function setPlaceholderHeight() {\r\n    placeholderToc.style.height = `${toc.offsetHeight}px`;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Set the initial height of the placeholder\r\n  setPlaceholderHeight();\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Update the height on window resize\r\n  window.addEventListener('resize', setPlaceholderHeight);\r\n});\r\n  const tocTitle = document.querySelector('#toc-title'); \/\/ Assuming header-faq is the element for TOC title\r\n\r\n\/\/ Sticky TOC and update heading\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  const toc = document.querySelector('#toc');\r\n  const footer = document.querySelector('.td-footer-template-wrap');\r\n  const tocParent = toc.parentElement;\r\n  const divTop = tocParent.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset;\r\n  const tocHeight = toc.offsetHeight;\r\n  const triggerPoint = divTop + tocHeight + 700;\r\n  const footerHeight = footer.offsetHeight;\r\n  const triggerFooterPoint = footer.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset - footerHeight - footerHeight - footerHeight;\r\n  const phtoc = document.querySelector('#placeholder-toc');\r\n  const headers = document.querySelectorAll('.td-post-content h2');\r\n  const navLinks = document.querySelectorAll('#toc-list a');\r\n\t\r\n\tconst panel2 = document.querySelector(\"#toc .list\");\r\n\tvar icon = document.querySelector(\".toc-icon\");\r\n\r\n  let activeLink = null; \/\/ Declare activeLink outside the loop\r\n\t\r\n  \/\/ Function to handle scroll and add\/remove .sticky class\r\n  function handleScroll() {\r\n    const windowTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop;\r\n    let currentHeader = '';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Highlight user progress as the heading comes\r\n    headers.forEach(header => {\r\n\t\tconst headerTop = header.offsetTop;\r\n\t\tconst headerHeight = header.clientHeight;\r\n\t\tif (window.scrollY >= (headerTop - headerHeight + 700)) {\r\n\t\t\tconst currentHeaderId = header.getAttribute('id');\r\n\t\t\tconst currentHeaderText = document.getElementById(currentHeaderId).textContent;\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tconsole.log(\"current header text:\", currentHeaderText);\r\n\t\t\ttocTitle.textContent = currentHeaderText;\r\n\t\t\tcurrentHeader = currentHeaderId;\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\ttocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content';\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t});\r\n\r\n    navLinks.forEach(link => {\r\n      link.classList.remove('active');\r\n      if(currentHeader != '') {\r\n\t\t  if (link.getAttribute('href').includes(currentHeader)) {\r\n\t\t\t  link.classList.add('active');\r\n\t\t  }\r\n\t  }\r\n    });\r\n\/\/     if (windowTop < triggerFooterPoint) {\r\n\/\/         toc.style.display = 'block';\r\n\/\/ \t}else{\r\n\/\/         toc.style.display = 'none';\r\n\/\/ \t}\r\n    \/\/ Update TOC title if sticky\r\n    if (windowTop > triggerPoint) {\r\n      if (!toc.classList.contains('sticky')) {\r\n        phtoc.style.display = \"block\";\r\n        toc.classList.add('sticky');\r\n        toc.style.width = `${tocParent.offsetWidth}px`; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n        toc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n        toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\tpanel2.style.height = '0px';\r\n\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\t\t  if(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t  const tocs = document.querySelector('#toc.sticky');\r\n\t\t\t  tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n       \t\t  toc.style.width = '150px'; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n\t\t  }\r\n      }\r\n      if (currentHeader) {\r\n\/\/         console.log(\"activeLink:\", activeLink);\r\n        if (activeLink) {\r\n\/\/           tocTitle.textContent = activeLink.textContent; \/\/ Update TOC title\r\n          tocTitle.textContent = activeLink ? activeLink.textContent : \"\"; \/\/ Update title only if activeLink exists\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    } else {\r\n      toc.classList.remove('sticky');\r\n      phtoc.style.display = \"none\";\r\n      toc.style.width = 'unset'; \/\/ Reset to original width\r\n      toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n      tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n\t\tpanel2.style.height = panel2.scrollHeight + \"px\";\r\n\t\ticon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Attach the scroll event listener to the window\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Initial call to handleScroll to set the correct state on load\r\n    handleScroll();\r\n});\r\n\t\r\n\t\/\/ Open toggle TOC\r\n\t  document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n\t\tvar tocHeader = document.querySelector(\"#toc .header\");\r\n\t\tvar toc = document.querySelector(\"#toc\");\r\n\t\tvar icon = document.querySelector(\".toc-icon\");\r\n\t\tconst tocTitle = document.querySelector('#toc-title');\r\n\t\tconst tocs = document.querySelector('#toc.sticky');\r\n \t\tconst tocParent = toc.parentElement;\t\t  \r\n\r\n\t\t  tocHeader.addEventListener(\"click\", function() {\r\n\t\t\tvar panel = this.nextElementSibling;\r\n\t\t\tif (panel.style.height !== '0px') { \/\/ Check if height is not 0px\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = '0px'; \/\/ Set height to 0 for full collapse\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t\ttoc.style.paddingBottom = '6px'; \r\n\t\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth > 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element\r\n\r\n\/\/                 \/\/ Scroll to the calculated position smoothly\r\n\/\/                 window.scrollTo({\r\n\/\/                     top: scrollTo,\r\n\/\/                     behavior: 'smooth'\r\n\/\/                 });\r\n\/\/             }\r\n\/\/         });\r\n\/\/     });\r\n\/\/ });\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<!-- START script lama -->\r\n<!-- <script>\r\n\/\/ \tvar pilihDaftarIsi = document.getElementById('pilihDaftarIsi');\r\n\t\r\n\/\/ \tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\r\n\/\/ \t\tvar dropdownFixedTop = document.querySelector('.dropdown-fixed-top');\r\n\r\n\/\/ \t\tdropdownFixedTop.addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tvar dropdownContent = this.querySelector('.list_toc');\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tdropdownContent.classList.toggle('show');\r\n\/\/ \t\t});\r\n\r\n\/\/ \t\twindow.addEventListener('click', function(event) {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tvar listTocTop = document.getElementById('list_toc_top');\r\n\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tif 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a.getAttribute('href');\r\n      const targetId = href.substring(1); \/\/ Remove the '#' from the href to get the target ID\r\n      const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId);\r\n      if (!targetElement) return;\r\n\r\n      const targetTop = targetElement.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition;\r\n      const nextItem = item.nextElementSibling;\r\n      const nextTop = nextItem ? nextItem.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition : Infinity;\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop <= scrollPosition + 150) {\r\n        if (a.parentElement.parentElement === tocItems) {\r\n          \/\/ The h2 heading is at the root level of the TOC\r\n          activeH2 = { id: targetId, level: 'h2' };\r\n        } else {\r\n          \/\/ The h3 heading is nested under an h2 heading\r\n          const parentH2 = a.parentElement.parentElement.previousElementSibling;\r\n          if (parentH2) {\r\n            const h2Link = parentH2.querySelector('a');\r\n            if (h2Link) {\r\n        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href.substring(1); \/\/ Remove the '#' from the href to get the target ID\r\n      const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId);\r\n      if (!targetElement) return;\r\n\r\n      const targetTop = targetElement.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition;\r\n      const nextItem = item.nextElementSibling;\r\n      const nextTop = nextItem ? nextItem.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition : Infinity;\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop <= scrollPosition + 150) {\r\n        if (a.parentElement.parentElement === tocItems) {\r\n          \/\/ The h2 heading is at the root level of the TOC\r\n          activeH2 = { id: targetId, level: 'h2' };\r\n        } else {\r\n          \/\/ The h3 heading is nested under an h2 heading\r\n          const parentH2 = a.parentElement.parentElement.previousElementSibling;\r\n          if (parentH2) {\r\n            const h2Link = parentH2.querySelector('a');\r\n            if (h2Link) {\r\n              const h2Href = 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scroll\r\n  const tocClasses = ['list_toc', 'list_toc_float']; \/\/ Add other TOC class names here if you have more than two instances\r\n  tocClasses.forEach(tocClass => {\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', () => scrollSpy(tocClass));\r\n  });\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC List for desktop side bar, diganti jadi inject by php, di code snippet \"Sidebar Accordion\" -->\r\n<!--  <script>\r\n\tdocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\nToC List for desktop side bar, diganti jadi inject by php, di code snippet \"Sidebar Accordion\"\r\n        Fungsi untuk mengubah teks menjadi format id\r\n        function formatId(text) {\r\n            return text.trim().replace(\/[^\\w\\d]+\/g, '_');\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk membuat nested list\r\n        function createNestedList(parentNode, children) {\r\n            if (children.length === 0) return;\r\n\r\n            const nestedUl = document.createElement('ul');\r\n            children.forEach(child => {\r\n                const nestedLi = document.createElement('li');\r\n                const nestedA = document.createElement('a');\r\n                nestedA.textContent = child.title;\r\n                nestedA.href = `#${child.id}`;\r\n                nestedLi.appendChild(nestedA);\r\n                nestedUl.appendChild(nestedLi);\r\n\r\n                if (child.children.length > 0) {\r\n                    createNestedList(nestedLi, child.children);\r\n                }\r\n            });\r\n\r\n            parentNode.appendChild(nestedUl);\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Membuat objek untuk menyimpan daftar h2 dan h3 beserta judulnya\r\n        const headings = [];\r\n\r\n           \/\/ Mengambil semua elemen h2 dan h3\r\n        const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.td-post-content h2');\r\n\t\t\t\/\/, .td-post-content h3\r\n\r\n        elements.forEach(element => {\r\n            if (element.tagName === 'H2') {\r\n                const id = formatId(element.textContent);\r\n                element.id = id;\r\n\t\t\t\tif (element.textContent.toLowerCase() === \"key takeaways\") {return;} \/\/ Kalau Key Takeaways, jangan dimasukin\r\n                headings.push({ level: 'h2', id: id, title: element.textContent, children: [] });\r\n            } else if (element.tagName === 'H3') {\r\n                const id = formatId(element.textContent);\r\n                element.id = id;\r\n                if (headings.length > 0) {\r\n                    headings[headings.length - 1].children.push({ level: 'h3', id: id, title: element.textContent, children: [] });\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        });\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Membuat list HTML dari objek headings\r\n        const ul = document.getElementById('list_toc');\r\n        let currentUl = ul;\r\n        headings.forEach(heading => {\r\n            const li = document.createElement('li');\r\n            const a = document.createElement('a');\r\n            a.textContent = heading.title;\r\n            a.href = `#${heading.id}`;\r\n            li.appendChild(a);\r\n\r\n            if (heading.level === 'h2') {\r\n                \/\/ Menyimpan ul saat ini untuk menambahkan nested ul\r\n                currentUl = li;\r\n                ul.appendChild(li);\r\n            } else if (heading.level === 'h3') {\r\n                if (!currentUl.lastElementChild || currentUl.lastElementChild.tagName !== 'UL') {\r\n                    \/\/ Jika belum ada nested ul, buat satu\r\n                    const nestedUl = document.createElement('ul');\r\n                    currentUl.appendChild(nestedUl);\r\n                    currentUl = nestedUl;\r\n                }\r\n                currentUl.appendChild(li);\r\n            }\r\n\r\n            createNestedList(li, heading.children);\r\n        });\r\n\t\tDapatkan elemen ul dengan id 'list_toc_float'\r\nconst ulFloat = document.getElementById('list_toc');\r\nconst ulJourney = document.getElementById('list_journey');\r\n\r\nDapatkan isi (child elements) dari ul dengan id 'list_toc_float'\r\n\tif (ulFloat !== null) {\r\n\t\tconst clonedChildren = ulFloat.cloneNode(true).children;\r\n\t\tconst ulToc = document.getElementById('list_toc_float');\r\n\t\tconst ulTocTop = document.getElementById('list_toc_top');\r\n\t\tif ((ulToc !== null || ulToc !== undefined) && window.innerWidth > 1018){\r\n\t\t\tulToc.append(...clonedChildren);\r\n\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\tulTocTop.append(...clonedChildren);\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t} \r\n\r\n\tif (ulJourney !== null) {\r\n\t\tconst clonedChildrenJourney = ulJourney.cloneNode(true).children;\r\n\t\tconst ulTocJourney = document.getElementById('list_toc_journey');\r\n\t\tulTocJourney.append(...clonedChildrenJourney);\r\n\t} \r\n\t\r\n        Fungsi untuk mengambil tinggi navbar\r\n        function getNavbarHeight() {\r\n            const navbar = document.getElementById('tdi_34');\r\n            return navbar ? navbar.offsetHeight : 0;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk menambahkan offset posisi scroll\r\n        function scrollToElementWithOffset(elementId) {\r\n            const element = document.getElementById(elementId);\r\n            if (element) {\r\n                const offset = getNavbarHeight();\r\n                const elementPosition = element.getBoundingClientRect().top;\r\n                const offsetPosition = elementPosition - offset-40;\r\n\r\n                window.scrollBy({\r\n                    top: offsetPosition,\r\n                    behavior: 'smooth'\r\n                });\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk menangani klik pada tautan judul\r\n        function handleTitleClick(event) {\r\n            event.preventDefault();\r\n            const href = event.target.getAttribute('href').substr(1);\r\n            scrollToElementWithOffset(href);\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Tambahkan event listener untuk semua tautan judul\r\n        const titleLinks = document.querySelectorAll('a[href^=\"#\"]');\r\n        titleLinks.forEach(link => {\r\n            link.addEventListener('click', handleTitleClick);\r\n        });\r\n\t});\r\n    <\/script> -->\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/free-product-tour\/?medium=free-product-tour\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Product-Tour-resized.webp\" alt=\"Free Demo\"><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #fffacd; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); border-radius: 25px 25px 25px 25px;\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 15px; border: none;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><span style=\"background-color: #990000; color: #ffffff; padding: 5px;\"><b>Key Takeaways<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <a href=\"#definition\">lump sum contract<\/a> is a construction agreement in which the contractor agrees to complete the project for a fixed price.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lump sum contracts have <a href=\"#advantages\">advantages<\/a>, such as making it easier for owners to plan project budgets and allowing contractors to profit more.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An <a href=\"#example\">example of a lump sum contract<\/a> helps you understand how fixed pricing works, how risks are handled, and why precise project details matter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/hash-construction-software\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> streamlines lump sum contracts with real-time tracking, smart budgeting, and seamless integration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span id=\"definition\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><style>\r\n.button-cta-custom {\r\n    background-color: #8a0e19;\r\n    color: #fff !important;\r\n    -webkit-transition: all .3s ease;\r\n    transition: all .3s ease;\r\n    padding: 8px 24px;\r\n    display: inline-block;\r\n    border-radius: 8px;\r\n    font-size: 16px;\r\n    font-weight: bold;\r\n}\r\n.button-cta-custom:hover{\r\n\tbackground-color:#991b26\t\t\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<a class=\"button-cta-custom\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/free-product-tour\/?medium=cta-button\" target=\"_blank\"> Book a Demo Now!<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>What Is a Lump Sum Contract?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lump sum contract, also called a stipulated sum contract, involves the project owner providing precise and detailed specifications for the work. The contractor then offers a fixed price based on completed plans, designs, and schedules.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This price includes estimated costs for materials, labour, equipment, and indirect expenses like overhead and profit. If the actual project cost is below the contractor&#8217;s estimate, the contractors will profit, but if the forecast is too low, they will incur losses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, the &#8220;lump sum&#8221; refers to the method of pricing a project, not how payments are made. To make changes to a lump sum contract, the project owner must also issue a formal change order, which the contractor must approve, including any cost adjustments. While this structure can be less flexible, it offers predictable costs for owners and steady income for contractors.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How Lump Sum Contracts Work<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lump sum contract is a construction agreement in which the contractor commits to completing the work for a fixed price\u2014no more, no less. This price is directly linked to a defined scope of work, so the contractor is not required to do any work beyond what&#8217;s specified in the agreement.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It&#8217;s essential for projects using lump sum agreements to have a detailed scope. Without one, owners might face surprise expenses, or disagreements may arise about what the project includes. A lump sum contract will be bound by the scope laid out in the following documents:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">General conditions of the agreement, covering responsibilities, payment terms, site details, modifications, conflict resolution, and additional provisions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constructions specifications<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constructions drawings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Project schedule<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bill of quantities<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using the scope of work, contractors will do the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determine the estimated cost required to complete the project<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Include a markup for profit and potential risks<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Present the total cost as part of a negotiated or competitive proposal<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When both parties sign a lump sum agreement, the contractor agrees to complete the outlined scope of work, while the owner accepts the fixed project cost. Interestingly, lump sum contracts also apply to subcontractor arrangements, where a specialty contractor commits to delivering a specific project segment for a set fee.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the contract includes a fixed total cost, payment is usually made in stages. The agreement defines a payment schedule where contractors request progress lump sum payments at intervals and provide proof of work completed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On many construction sites, project owners withhold a portion of each contractor&#8217;s payment\u2014retainage\u2014and release it after the project is fully completed. This motivates contractors to complete all project requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unexpected developments during the work may lead to necessary changes in the original scope. When this occurs, contractors issue change orders to the owner. Once both parties sign the change order, the project&#8217;s scope, cost, and timeline are officially updated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since even clearly scoped projects often change, many owners allocate an additional percentage above the lump sum contract&#8217;s base cost to prepare for potential modifications.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Lump Sum vs Cost Plus Contract<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-70656\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract.webp\" alt=\"Lump Sum vs Cost Plus Contract\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-747x420.webp 747w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-696x392.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Lump-Sum-vs-Cost-Plus-Contract-1068x601.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cost-plus contracts are comparable to lump sum agreements in that the owner agrees to cover the contractor&#8217;s expenses such as labour, subcontractors, materials, and equipment\u2014along with a set fee for overhead and profit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These contracts don&#8217;t require the owner to complete project plans. As a result, both the total scope and cost may shift throughout the process. In contrast to lump sum agreements, the owner carries more financial risk and will either benefit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are three types of cost-plus contracts:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a cost-plus fixed percentage contract, the contractor earns a fee calculated as a set percentage of the total project cost.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cost-plus-fixed-fee contract with a guaranteed maximum price limits the contractor&#8217;s compensation to a fixed amount that won&#8217;t surpass a predetermined ceiling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cost-plus-fixed-fee contract pays the contractor a predetermined fee that remains unchanged regardless of the project&#8217;s final cost.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These agreements are typically used when project details like designs or specifications are finalized, but the owner needs construction to start\u2014often due to a strict timeline.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The key benefit of cost-plus contracts for both the owner and contractor is that the project is more likely to meet expectations since the contractor won&#8217;t lose money on additional materials or labour. Still, both parties must closely monitor spending and progress to guarantee accurate billing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Lump Sum vs Time and Material Contract<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time and materials (T&amp;M) contracts require the project owner to reimburse material costs and pay a daily or weekly rate for the labour. Similar to cost-plus contracts, T&amp;M agreements are ideal for projects with unclear scopes or evolving requirements at the project specifications and scopes that are still ambiguous as the project starts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These contracts offer contractors consistent income through fixed labour rates while allowing project owners to adjust work to meet specifications. However, T&amp;M contracts typically involve more documentation than lump sum agreements, as labour hours and costs must be carefully tracked and reported.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Lump Sum vs Unit Price Contracts<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In unit price contracts, costs are calculated based on estimated prices per unit of materials or work, often organized by construction trade or phase. This format is commonly used in subcontracting arrangements. Unit price contracts are ideal for projects with a known scope but still in the process of detailed planning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For instance, a set price per square foot for flooring and installation might be agreed upon, even if the total area isn&#8217;t finalized yet. Since material and labour costs are roughly estimated, a unit price can be set for various project parts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contractors can more easily estimate costs and potential earnings for each phase, while owners and contractors maintain flexibility to make changes without needing formal change orders or price renegotiations\u2014unlike with lump sum contracts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, a downside of this model is the potential for cost overruns, as these contracts often don&#8217;t include clear limits on the number of units used.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Lump Sum vs Guaranteed Maximum Price Contract<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP) contract, or a not-to-exceed contract, sets a ceiling on the project&#8217;s cost. Under this agreement, the contractor is reimbursed for actual expenses plus a predetermined fee for profit and overhead\u2014but only up to the agreed-upon maximum.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If total expenses exceed the cap, the contractor is responsible for covering the excess. The only way to raise the maximum limit is through an approved change order due to scope changes\u2014not due to mistakes or miscalculations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike lump sum contracts, where the contractor is paid a fixed amount regardless of actual expenses, GMP contracts allow project owners to retain any savings if the project finishes under budget. Owners may share some savings with the contractor to motivate cost efficiency and on-time delivery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This type of contract is ideal for owners working within a strict budget, offering financial protection. However, it poses a higher risk for contractors, as they bear the burden of any cost overruns beyond the set limit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>When Would You Use a Lump Sum Contract?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-70657\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract.webp\" alt=\"When Would You Use a Lump Sum Contract?\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract.webp 1200w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-747x420.webp 747w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-696x392.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/When-Would-You-Use-a-Lump-Sum-Contract-1068x601.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lump sum contracts are commonly used in construction, but they&#8217;re not ideal for every type of project. They are most effective when the project has complete design plans, a well-defined scope, a clear timeline, and thorough documentation from pre-construction assessments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These components are essential to help the contractor provide an accurate fixed price for the entire project. This contract model works best for straightforward projects that involve subcontractors, have specific requirements, and carry minimal risk of unexpected issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"advantages\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When these conditions are met, lump sum contracts offer a simple and transparent agreement that benefits both the owner and the contractor. For project owners, it means easier budgeting and minimal financial surprises. At the same time, contractors benefit from clear expectations and the chance to increase profits.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Advantages and Disadvantages of Lump Sum Contract<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lump sum contract will undoubtedly make it easier for owners and contractors to manage projects in a more structured manner and minimize the risk of additional costs. Here are the advantages of a lump sum contract:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>For owners: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fixed total cost makes it easier to plan project budgets and typically more straightforward to obtain funding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>For contractors:<\/b> Greater profit is possible if the project is managed efficiently. Financial tracking is often more straightforward than with<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0other contract types.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When conditions are favorable, a lump sum contract&#8217;s clear pricing format can benefit both project owners and contractors.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Overhead: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lump sum contracts often need less documentation than other types, like cost-plus contracts. Contractors may reduce overhead with a fixed total fee, allowing more competitive bids.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Simplicity:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lump sum contracts are simple to create and understand. They clearly outline the work and fixed cost, helping owners budget more easily before construction begins.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Profit: <\/b>Earn higher profits under lump sum contracts by completing projects within<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> budget. They can also boost margins through efficient practices and savvy subcontractor negotiations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Financing:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lump sum contracts can simplify financing, as lenders know the total cost upfront. Owners also need more minor contingencies than with cost-plus contracts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although lump sum contracts offer simplicity, they also carry certain risks for owners and contractors. Here are the disadvantages of a lump sum contract:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>For owners<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For owners, lump sum contracts offer clarity on project costs but have certain limitations. They must provide complete and finalized designs and specifications at the start, which reduces flexibility to make changes later. Any adjustments during construction require formal change orders and can lead to delays or added administrative work.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without careful planning, owners may face unexpected costs or disputes if project details aren&#8217;t clearly outlined. Therefore, owners must precisely define the project scope and materials to avoid complications.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>For contractors<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Incorrect cost estimates can significantly reduce a contractor&#8217;s profit margin, especially when combined with the risk of rejected change orders or disputes over the project scope. Contractors are responsible for the difference when costs exceed the budget, which can impact overall profitability.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additionally, managing change orders can be time-consuming and administratively burdensome, further complicating the execution of lump sum contracts.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Variations in Lump Sum Contracts<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Variations While lump sum contracts are generally firm regarding scope and pricing, they can include provisional or stipulated sums\u2014lump sum estimate costs for optional work that may or may not be carried out. These amounts are listed separately in the contract and are only activated if the project owner proceeds with the additional tasks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, adding this work later in the project can disrupt timelines and may require formal change orders to accommodate any adjustments. For this reason, lump sum agreements should clearly define how provisional sums will be managed and outline the boundaries for any related changes. In lump sum projects, any modification to the original plan, scope, or cost is categorized as a variation. These changes often stem from:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alterations in project requirements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Misunderstanding of drawings or specifications<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fluctuations in the amount of materials needed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Design mistakes, omissions, or inconsistencies<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Variations fall into two categories: beneficial and detrimental. <\/span><b>Beneficial variations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can lower costs, speed up completion, or improve project quality, benefiting owners and contractors. On the other hand, <\/span><b>detrimental variations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014like uncovering an unexpected water main\u2014can lead to higher expenses, delays, or significant changes to the initial plan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some situations, variations must be addressed through a formal change order initiated by either the project owner or the contractor. A valid change order should include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A reasonable explanation for the adjustment<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A clear description of the proposed change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An outline of how the change may affect the project timeline<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cost estimate for implementing the change<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No changes can be made unless all parties agree to the updated terms, often requiring lengthy negotiations that may temporarily pause the project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While lump sum contracts aim to minimize variations, they can still happen due to unforeseen issues or missed details. Therefore, it is essential to ensure accurate planning, clear communication, and the availability of necessary materials from the outset.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Common Issues of Lump Sum Contracts<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to reducing many common construction contract problems, lump sum contracts certainly also have some common issues that need to be considered for both owners and contractors, such as:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>1. Cost fluctuations<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cost fluctuations can occur because the price of materials and labour is easily changeable during the project, affecting the lump sum contract changes. The lump sum contract also does not include the calculation of these fluctuations, so the contractor must bear the cost if the price increases.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the other hand, the contractor can also save money if labour and material costs go down. This risk tends to be more significant on longer projects. Contractors must consider potential cost increases and set prices accordingly when estimating.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>2. Provisional sums<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While lump sum contracts are generally firm regarding scope and pricing, they can include provisional or stipulated sums\u2014lump sum estimate costs for optional work that may or may not be carried out. These amounts are listed separately in the contract and are only activated if the project owner proceeds with the additional tasks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, adding this work later in the project can disrupt timelines and may require formal change orders to accommodate any adjustments. For this reason, lump sum agreements should clearly define how provisional sums will be managed and outline the boundaries for any related changes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>3. Delays<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other consequences that can occur unexpectedly and beyond the control of the owner or contractor are natural disruptions, such as bad weather or supply chain shortages. Other examples of delays can occur through factors such as failure of timely instructions and inadequate labour.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lump sum contract must contain a clause explaining the conditions under which each party assumes responsibility for delays and costs incurred. It eliminates the potential for breach of contract and lengthy legal proceedings.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These common issues in lump sum contracts highlight the importance of a well-structured system to anticipate risks and ensure smooth project execution. This is where <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/hash-construction-software\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> becomes highly valuable.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"example\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To help contractors and project owners effectively manage these challenges, HashMicro offers a flexible pricing scheme tailored to the specific needs of construction businesses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><style>\r\n.cta-in-article-image .desktop-banner{\r\n    display: none;\r\n    text-align: center;\r\n}\r\n.cta-in-article-image .desktop-mobile{\r\n    display: block;\r\n    text-align: center;\r\n    width: 100%;\r\n}\r\n@media (min-width: 650px) {\r\n    .cta-in-article-image .desktop-banner {\r\n        display: block!important;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n@media (min-width: 650px) {\r\n   .cta-in-article-image .desktop-mobile {\r\n        display: none!important;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"cta-in-article-image\">\r\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/grants?utm_source=blog&medium=banner-article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"desktop-banner-container\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop-banner\">\r\n<!-- \tnew CTC Grants Banner\t\t -->\r\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width='696' height='189' src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/CTC-Grants-scaled.webp\" alt=\"download skema harga software erp\">\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div id=\"mobile-banner-container\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop-mobile\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width='450' height='497' src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/EDG-Banner-Mobile.png.webp\" alt=\"download skema harga software erp\">\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Example of Lump Sum Contract\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lump sum contracts are widely utilized in the construction industry across many projects. Let&#8217;s explore an example scenario to understand how they operate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suppose a developer plans to construct an apartment building under a lump sum agreement. After collaborating with a design team, the developer finalizes the project&#8217;s blueprints and specs. After reviewing contractor bids, they issued an RFP containing all required details and awarded the project to Brideshead Builders for a total contract price of $4 million, covering all construction activities from start to finish.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before submitting their final proposal, Brideshead Builders collaborated with trade contractors and a cost estimator to calculate the total project expenses, including labor, materials, overhead, profit, and a contingency allowance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As construction progresses, the owner issues progress payments to Brideshead Builders, who then compensate their subcontractors based on the completed portions of work.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the construction process, subcontractors might raise RFIs or request change orders. For instance, if a flooring subcontractor notices unclear specifications for upper-level materials, they&#8217;ll send an RFI to the general contractor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Likewise, if a mechanical subcontractor encounters unexpected conditions that demand additional equipment, a change order will be needed to adjust the contract accordingly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the project nears completion, the general contractor focuses on staying within budget to ensure profitability at the end of the job. As the original contract outlines, specialty contractors will receive their retainage payments once the building reaches substantial completion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the general contractor hands over the building to the owner, the remaining balance of the lump sum payment is released. At the same time, the GC must verify that all specialty contractors have been fully paid. Typically, the owner will ask the GC to collect lien waivers from all contractors to confirm that payments have been settled and that no mechanic&#8217;s liens will be filed on the property.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When everything proceeds smoothly, all parties\u2014developer, general contractor, and specialty contractor\u2014benefit from the lump sum pricing model. Owners can quickly determine their return on investment while GCs and specialty contractors maintain a solid profit margin.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Streamline Lump Sum Contract Management with HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-70663\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1.webp\" alt=\"Streamline Lump Sum Contract Management with HashMicro\u2019s Construction Software\" width=\"1470\" height=\"900\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1.webp 1470w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-300x184.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-1024x627.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-768x470.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-686x420.webp 686w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-150x92.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-696x426.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Software-Konstruksi-1-1068x654.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1470px) 100vw, 1470px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/hash-construction-software\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a powerful solution designed to optimize project management, improve operational efficiency, and support more intelligent decision-making\u2014especially for businesses operating under lump sum contracts.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This cloud-based system integrates all construction-related activities into a centralized platform, ensuring precise, real-time progress tracking, budget, and resource allocation.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">HashMicro offers a free demo and consultation to help construction companies maximize their project performance<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This allows businesses to explore key features, tailor the system to their project requirements, and receive expert advice for smooth and effective implementation. Equipped with advanced tools for modern construction needs, HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software enables detailed project analytics, real-time monitoring, and automated reporting.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are the key features of HashMicro Construction Software for managing lump sum contract projects effectively:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Digital contract repository with version control: <\/b>This centralizes<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0lump sum contracts, tracks revisions and approvals, and keeps all documents organized and accessible<\/span><b>.<\/b><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Automatic Vendor Rating: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evaluates vendors based on pricing, punctuality, and order completeness to ensure only the most reliable suppliers are used, maintaining budget control.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Periodic Vendor Performance Review: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regularly assesses vendor performance to uphold quality and timeline standards, critical for delivering lump sum projects without delays or cost overruns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cost Savings Tracking: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tracks and reports on procurement-related savings, helping identify cost efficiencies and keep total project expenses within the agreed lump sum.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Budget Tracking and Purchase Limits: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitors spending against the fixed budget and enforces limits on purchases to prevent overspending in a lump sum arrangement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>E-procurement for Lump Sum Projects: <\/b>This streamlines<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the tendering and quotation processes to enhance efficiency and transparency in selecting vendors, which is crucial for fixed-budget contracts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Integrated with Accounting System: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automatically syncs all project expenses and vendor transactions with HashMicro&#8217;s Accounting Software, ensuring real-time financial tracking and accurate budget control.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To better understand how HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software supports lump sum contract projects, please feel free to check this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fillhq.com\/templates\/construction\/construction-lump-sum-contract\/\">lump sum contract template<\/a> as an example. This will help illustrate how the system aligns with real-world contract requirements and ensures efficient project execution.<\/p>\n<h2><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A construction management system is vital for overseeing project performance, enhancing workflow efficiency, and ensuring cost control\u2014especially in lump sum contract projects. Many in the industry trust a robust solution like HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software to streamline complex tasks and maintain budget discipline.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selecting the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/construction-management-software\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">best construction management software<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is crucial for effectively managing lump sum contracts. HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software offers a dependable platform to monitor project progress, track expenses, and ensure all work stays within the agreed cost. Its innovative features help contractors avoid cost overruns and delays.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The system includes tools for project performance tracking, real-time budgeting, automated procurement, and complete system integration, enabling better visibility and control throughout the project lifecycle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discover how HashMicro&#8217;s Construction Software can optimize your lump sum project execution\u2014book a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/free-product-tour\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">free demo<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> today and take the first step toward more efficient construction management.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/hash-construction-software?medium=moneysite-banner\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Construction.webp\" alt=\"Hash Construction Suite\"><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"bottom_faq\">\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Is a lump sum a type of contract?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>A lump sum contract, sometimes called stipulated sum, is the most basic agreement between contractors and customers. A lump sum or a stipulated sum contract will require the contractor to agree to provide specified services for a stipulated or fixed price.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>What is the difference between a lump sum contract and an item rate contract?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>Lump sum contracts are somewhat inflexible. In an item rate contract, the contractor estimates the rate for individual items of work based on the bill of quantities. The payment received by the contractor depends on the detailed measurements of each item of work performed by the contractor.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<details>\n<summary><strong>What are the risks of a lump sum contract?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>On one hand, lump sum contracts can encourage contractors to be extra efficient in their work. However, there is a risk of unscrupulous contractors cutting corners to complete the project more quickly and cheaply and widen their profit margins.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A lump sum contract is a construction agreement where the contractor agrees to complete a project for a fixed price. Yet, many project owners and contractors still struggle with vague scopes, unexpected cost changes, and drawn-out negotiations\u2014often leading to disputes and delays. It&#8217;s frustrating, right? Especially when you think the budget is locked in, only [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":202,"featured_media":70655,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[2939],"class_list":{"0":"post-70654","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-construction","8":"tag-nobanner"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Is a Lump Sum Contract and How Does It Work?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover what a lump sum contract is, how it works, and why it&#039;s a popular choice in construction for cost certainty and project clarity.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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