{"id":5175,"date":"2026-06-26T18:09:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-26T08:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/?p=5175"},"modified":"2026-06-26T18:09:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-26T08:09:00","slug":"last-mile-delivery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/last-mile-delivery\/","title":{"rendered":"Last Mile Delivery: Costs, Challenges &#038; Solutions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Last mile delivery is the final stage of the fulfilment process, where goods are transported from a warehouse, distribution centre, or local hub to the end customer.<\/p>\n<p>This process involves route planning, dispatching drivers, providing tracking updates, recording proof of delivery, and keeping customers informed throughout the delivery journey.<\/p>\n<!-- <div id=\"toc_group_article\" style=''>\r\n\t<p style='font-size:25px;font-weight:bold; margin-bottom:0px'>\r\n\t\tTable of Content:\r\n\t<\/p>\r\n\t<ul id=\"list_toc\" class='list_toc'><\/ul>\r\n<\/div> -->\r\n\r\n<!-- <div class=\"dropdown-fixed-top\" id=\"dropdown-fixed-top\">\r\n\t<div class=\"row\">\r\n\t\t<p id=\"pilihDaftarIsi\">Table of Content<\/p>\r\n\t\t<p><i class=\"td-icon-menu-down\"><\/i><\/p>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t\r\n\t<div>\r\n\t\t<ul id=\"list_toc_top\" class='list_toc'><\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div> -->\r\n\r\n<div id=\"placeholder-toc\"><\/div>\r\n<div id=\"toc\">\r\n    <div class=\"header\">\r\n\t<span class=\"toc-title\" id=\"toc-title\">Table of Content<\/span>\t\r\n\t <i class=\"toc-icon\">\r\n        <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"header-icon\">\r\n          <path d=\"m6 9 6 6 6-6\" \/>\r\n        <\/svg>\r\n      <\/i>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"list\">\r\n      <ul id=\"toc-list\"><\/ul>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n\t@media (max-width: 992px) {\r\n\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tpadding-top: 24px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_float {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 250px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 4px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top li {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\t\tlist-style: none;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc_top.show {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t#list_toc_top a {\r\n\t\tcolor: #434343;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #bbb;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\tposition: fixed;\r\n\t\ttop: 59px;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tborder-bottom: 2px solid #9c171e;\r\n\t\tpadding: 12px;\r\n\t\tbackground: #fff;\r\n\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\tcursor: pointer;\r\n\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\tleft: 0;\r\n\t\tbox-shadow: 0 -2px 7px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#dropdown-fixed-top.show {\r\n\t\tanimation: showAnim 0.5s ease;\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes showAnim {\r\n\t\tfrom {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\tto {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top #list_toc_top {\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(50vh - 110px);\r\n\t\toverflow-y: scroll;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row {\r\n\t\tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t\tjustify-content: space-between\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.dropdown-fixed-top .row p {\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#pilihDaftarIsi {\r\n\t\tmax-width: 100%;\r\n\t\toverflow: hidden;\r\n\t\twhite-space: nowrap;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 1018px) {\r\n\t\t.dropdown-fixed-top {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc > li > ul {padding-left: 20px;margin-bottom: 0;}\r\n\t#list_toc{height:max-content;transition:ease-in-out}\r\n\t#list_toc li {margin-bottom: 0;margin-top: 5px;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_top li.active > a {color:#b1252d;background: #ffe1e3;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {padding:3px 7px}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li a {\r\n\t\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\tcolor: #000;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 6px;\r\n\t\tpadding-top: 2px;\r\n\t\tpadding-bottom: 2px;\r\n\t\ttransition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 15px;\r\n\t\tline-height: 18px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t#list_toc_float li{list-style:none;list-style-position:inside; margin-left:0;}\r\n\t#list_toc_float a:hover{color:#b1252d;}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc_group_float{\r\n\t\tline-height: 24px;\r\n\t\tmax-height: calc(100vh - 100px);\r\n\t\toverflow: auto;\r\n\t\tz-index: 99;\r\n\t\tdisplay:none!important;\r\n\t\tbackground:#fff;\r\n\t\ttransition:all 0.5s linear\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width:1019px){\r\n\t\t#toc_group_float {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:block!important;\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t#toc_group_article {\r\n\t\t\tdisplay:none;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC styling  -->\r\n<style>\r\n\t\/* Simple styling for the TOC *\/\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc ul li:last-child {\r\n    padding-bottom: 16px; \/* Adjust the value as needed *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.td-fix-index {\r\n\t transform: unset !important;\r\n     -webkit-transform: unset !important; \r\n}\r\n.footer-contact .td-fix-index {\r\n\t transform: translateZ(0) !important;\r\n     -webkit-transform: translateZ(0) !important; \r\n}\r\n\t.tdb_single_content .tdb-block-inner.td-fix-index{\r\n\t\tposition: static;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\r\n#toc {\r\n  background-color: #FFF;\r\n\tpadding: 17px 24px 0px 24px !important;\r\n  margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n\/*   border: 1px solid #9C171E; *\/\r\n  border-radius: 6px;\r\n\tdisplay: none;\r\n  max-width: 100%;\r\n  transition: .4s ease height;\r\n\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\toverflow: hidden;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc .header{\r\n  display: flex;\r\n  align-items: center;\r\n  justify-content: space-between;\r\n\tbackground-color: transparent;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc.sticky .header{\r\n\t\tpadding: 4px 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.header p{\r\n  font-size: 18px !important;\r\n  font-weight: 600 !important;\r\n  color: #393939;\r\n   margin-bottom: 0;\r\n  \/* margin-top: 20px; *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n.toc-icon{\r\n  float: right;\r\n\/*   visibility: hidden; *\/\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t.toc-title{\r\n\t\tmargin-right: auto;\r\n\/* \t\tpadding-left: 20px; *\/\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 600;\r\n\t\talign-self: center;\t}\t\r\n\r\n#toc ul {\r\n  list-style-type: none;\r\n  padding-left: 0;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc.sticky ul{\r\n\toverflow-y: auto;\r\n\tmax-height: 250px;\r\n\tmargin-top: 0px;\r\n\tpadding-top: 20px;\r\n\/* \tborder-top: 1px solid #d3d3d3; *\/\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc ul li {\r\n\/*   margin-bottom: 10px; *\/\r\n  margin-bottom: 10px;\r\n\tmargin-left: 0;\r\n\ttransition: .2s ease;\r\n\tcursor: pointer;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc.sticky ul li {\r\n\t  margin-right: 10px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.td-post-content #toc-list li a:hover, .td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\/* \tpadding: 8px 16px 8px 16px; *\/\r\n\tpadding: 4px 16px 4px 16px;\r\n\tborder-radius: 6px;\r\n\tcolor: #9c171e !important;\r\n\tfont-weight: 600 !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.td-post-content #toc-list li:hover a, .td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\t\tcolor: #9C171E !important;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 600 !important;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n.td-post-content #toc-list a.active{\r\n\tfont-weight: bold !important;\r\n\tcolor: #9C171E !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n#toc a, .td-post-content #toc-list a {\r\n  text-decoration: none;\r\n  color: #ea1717 !important;\r\n  transition: .2s ease;\r\n\tfont-weight: 400 !important;\r\n\tdisplay: block;\r\n\t\r\n\tpadding: 4px 16px 4px 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky {\r\n  position: fixed;\r\n\/*   top: 73px; *\/\r\n\tbottom: 0;\r\n  z-index: 100; \r\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); \r\n\twidth: 100%; \r\n\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\/* \tbackground-color: #FFF1F1; *\/\r\n\tborder-bottom: 1px solid #ea1717;\r\n\/*   border: 1px solid #393939; *\/\r\n  box-shadow: 0px 0px 14px 0px #00000040;\r\n  cursor: pointer;\r\n\tanimation: fadein .3s ease;\r\n\tpadding: 12px 16px !important;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.fadein{\r\n\t\tanimation: fadein .3s ease;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t.fadeout{\r\n\t\tanimation: fadeout .3s ease;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes fadein{\r\n\t\t0% {\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t100%{\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@keyframes fadeout{\r\n\t\t0% {\r\n\t\t\topacity: 1;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t100%{\r\n\t\t\topacity: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\r\n#toc.sticky .header p{\r\n\tmargin-bottom: 10px;\r\n\tmargin-top: 10px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky .toc-icon{\r\n  visibility: visible;\r\n\/* \ttransition: 0.4s ease; *\/\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t.toc-icon{\r\n\t\talign-items: center;\r\n    \tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\tsvg.header-icon{\r\n\/* \t\tbackground-color: #9c171e; *\/\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #FFF;\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 30px;\r\n\t\tpadding: 5px;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n#toc.sticky .list{\r\n\/*   max-height: 0; *\/\r\n  transition: height 0.4s ease;\r\n}\r\n\t\r\n\t#toc .list{\r\n\/*   max-height: 0; *\/\r\n  transition: height 0.4s ease;\r\n}\r\n\r\n#toc .header.active .toc-icon{\r\n\ttransform: rotate(0deg); \r\n\topacity: 1;\r\n}\r\n\r\n\t#toc .header.active + .list {\r\n\t  max-height: 200px; \/* Adjust this value as needed *\/\r\n\t  opacity: 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t#placeholder-toc{\r\n\/* \t\tdisplay: none; *\/\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px){\r\n\t\t#toc.sticky{\r\n\/* \t\t\ttop: 104px; *\/\r\n\t\t\tbottom: 0px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t#toc{\r\n\t\t\twidth: unset !important;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t@media (max-width: 767px){\r\n\t\t#toc{\r\n\t\t\twidth: 100% !important;\r\n\t\t\tdisplay: inline-block;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t#toc.sticky{\r\n\t\t\twidth: 90% !important;\r\n\/* \t\t\ttop: 81px; *\/\r\n\t\t\tbottom: 60px;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-left: auto;\r\n\t\t\tmargin-right: auto;\r\n\t\t\tpadding: 0 16px;\r\n\t\t\tright: 5%;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n\t\r\n\t<\/style>\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC List for mobile -->\r\n<script>\r\n \/\/ Generate TOC based on headings\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  \/\/ Get the element that will contain the TOC\r\n  const tocList = document.getElementById('toc-list');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Get the element with the ID 'article-left'\r\n  const article = document.querySelector('.td-post-content');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Find all h2 elements within 'myarticle'\r\n  const headers = article.getElementsByTagName('h2');\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Loop through the h2 elements and create a list item for each one\r\n  for (let i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {\r\n    const header = headers[i];\r\n    const headerText = header.textContent;\r\n\/\/     const headerId = 'header-' + i;\r\n    const headerId = headerText\r\n    .toLowerCase()\r\n    .trim()\r\n    .replace(\/[^\\w\\s-]\/g, '')  \/\/ hapus tanda baca\r\n    .replace(\/\\s+\/g, '-'); \/\/ ganti spasi jadi \"-\"\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Set an ID for the header if it doesn't have one\r\n    header.setAttribute('id', headerId);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Create a list item for the TOC\r\n    const listItem = document.createElement('li');\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Create a link for the list item\r\n    const link = document.createElement('a');\r\n    link.setAttribute('href', '#' + headerId);\r\n    link.textContent = headerText;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Append the link to the list item\r\n    listItem.appendChild(link);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Append the list item to the TOC list\r\n    tocList.appendChild(listItem);\r\n  }\r\n});\r\n\r\n\/\/ Keep height and placement of content using placeholder in place of TOC\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  const toc = document.querySelector('#toc');\r\n  const placeholderToc = document.querySelector('#placeholder-toc');\r\n\r\n  function setPlaceholderHeight() {\r\n    placeholderToc.style.height = `${toc.offsetHeight}px`;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Set the initial height of the placeholder\r\n  setPlaceholderHeight();\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Update the height on window resize\r\n  window.addEventListener('resize', setPlaceholderHeight);\r\n});\r\n  const tocTitle = document.querySelector('#toc-title'); \/\/ Assuming header-faq is the element for TOC title\r\n\r\n\/\/ Sticky TOC and update heading\r\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n  const toc = document.querySelector('#toc');\r\n  const footer = document.querySelector('.td-footer-template-wrap');\r\n  const tocParent = toc.parentElement;\r\n  const divTop = tocParent.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset;\r\n  const tocHeight = toc.offsetHeight;\r\n  const triggerPoint = divTop + tocHeight + 700;\r\n  const footerHeight = footer.offsetHeight;\r\n  const triggerFooterPoint = footer.getBoundingClientRect().top + window.pageYOffset - footerHeight - footerHeight - footerHeight;\r\n  const phtoc = document.querySelector('#placeholder-toc');\r\n  const headers = document.querySelectorAll('.td-post-content h2');\r\n  const navLinks = document.querySelectorAll('#toc-list a');\r\n\t\r\n\tconst panel2 = document.querySelector(\"#toc .list\");\r\n\tvar icon = document.querySelector(\".toc-icon\");\r\n\r\n  let activeLink = null; \/\/ Declare activeLink outside the loop\r\n\t\r\n  \/\/ Function to handle scroll and add\/remove .sticky class\r\n  function handleScroll() {\r\n    const windowTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop;\r\n    let currentHeader = '';\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Highlight user progress as the heading comes\r\n    headers.forEach(header => {\r\n\t\tconst headerTop = header.offsetTop;\r\n\t\tconst headerHeight = header.clientHeight;\r\n\t\tif (window.scrollY >= (headerTop - headerHeight + 700)) {\r\n\t\t\tconst currentHeaderId = header.getAttribute('id');\r\n\t\t\tconst currentHeaderText = document.getElementById(currentHeaderId).textContent;\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tconsole.log(\"current header text:\", currentHeaderText);\r\n\t\t\ttocTitle.textContent = currentHeaderText;\r\n\t\t\tcurrentHeader = currentHeaderId;\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\ttocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content';\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t});\r\n\r\n    navLinks.forEach(link => {\r\n      link.classList.remove('active');\r\n      if(currentHeader != '') {\r\n\t\t  if (link.getAttribute('href').includes(currentHeader)) {\r\n\t\t\t  link.classList.add('active');\r\n\t\t  }\r\n\t  }\r\n    });\r\n\/\/     if (windowTop < triggerFooterPoint) {\r\n\/\/         toc.style.display = 'block';\r\n\/\/ \t}else{\r\n\/\/         toc.style.display = 'none';\r\n\/\/ \t}\r\n    \/\/ Update TOC title if sticky\r\n    if (windowTop > triggerPoint) {\r\n      if (!toc.classList.contains('sticky')) {\r\n        phtoc.style.display = \"block\";\r\n        toc.classList.add('sticky');\r\n        toc.style.width = `${tocParent.offsetWidth}px`; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n        toc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n        toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\tpanel2.style.height = '0px';\r\n\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\t\t  if(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t  const tocs = document.querySelector('#toc.sticky');\r\n\t\t\t  tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n       \t\t  toc.style.width = '150px'; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n\t\t  }\r\n      }\r\n      if (currentHeader) {\r\n\/\/         console.log(\"activeLink:\", activeLink);\r\n        if (activeLink) {\r\n\/\/           tocTitle.textContent = activeLink.textContent; \/\/ Update TOC title\r\n          tocTitle.textContent = activeLink ? activeLink.textContent : \"\"; \/\/ Update title only if activeLink exists\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    } else {\r\n      toc.classList.remove('sticky');\r\n      phtoc.style.display = \"none\";\r\n      toc.style.width = 'unset'; \/\/ Reset to original width\r\n      toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n      tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n\t\tpanel2.style.height = panel2.scrollHeight + \"px\";\r\n\t\ticon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Attach the scroll event listener to the window\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll);\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Initial call to handleScroll to set the correct state on load\r\n    handleScroll();\r\n});\r\n\t\r\n\t\/\/ Open toggle TOC\r\n\t  document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n\t\tvar tocHeader = document.querySelector(\"#toc .header\");\r\n\t\tvar toc = document.querySelector(\"#toc\");\r\n\t\tvar icon = document.querySelector(\".toc-icon\");\r\n\t\tconst tocTitle = document.querySelector('#toc-title');\r\n\t\tconst tocs = document.querySelector('#toc.sticky');\r\n \t\tconst tocParent = toc.parentElement;\t\t  \r\n\r\n\t\t  tocHeader.addEventListener(\"click\", function() {\r\n\t\t\tvar panel = this.nextElementSibling;\r\n\t\t\tif (panel.style.height !== '0px') { \/\/ Check if height is not 0px\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = '0px'; \/\/ Set height to 0 for full collapse\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t\ttoc.style.paddingBottom = '6px'; \r\n\t\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth > 768){\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif(!toc.classList.contains('sticky')){\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = \"unset\";\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t\tif (toc.classList.contains('sticky')){\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = '${tocParent.offsetWidth}px';\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\ttoc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n\t\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = \"unset\"; \/\/ Reset width\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\ttoc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF1F1\";\r\n\t\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = panel.scrollHeight + \"px\";\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(0deg)\";\r\n\t\t\t  toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\t\t  tocTitle.textContent = 'Table of Content'; \/\/ Reset title\r\n\t\t\t\ttoc.style.paddingBottom = '24px';\r\n\t\t\t \tif(window.innerWidth < 767){\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttoc.style.width = `${tocParent.offsetWidth}px`; \/\/ Set width to match the parent element\r\n\t\t\t\t\ttoc.setAttribute('style', 'width: ' + tocParent.offsetWidth + 'px !important;');\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t  });\r\n\r\n\t\t  \/\/ Close TOC when a link inside it is clicked\r\n\t\t  var tocLinks = document.querySelectorAll(\"#toc .list a\");\r\n\t\t  tocLinks.forEach(function(link) {\r\n\t\t\tlink.addEventListener(\"click\", function() {\r\n\t\t\t  var panel = document.querySelector(\"#toc .list\");\r\n\t\t\t  panel.style.height = '0px'; \/\/ Set height to 0 for full collapse\r\n\t\t\t  icon.style.transform = \"rotate(180deg)\";\r\n\t\t\t  toc.style.backgroundColor = \"#FFF\";\r\n\t\t\t});\r\n\t\t  });\r\n\t\t});\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\r\n\/\/ \tmake the heading at the center of the viewport\r\n\/\/ \tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\r\n\/\/     \/\/ Add click event listener to all links in the TOC list\r\n\/\/     document.querySelectorAll('#toc-list a').forEach(anchor => {\r\n\/\/         anchor.addEventListener('click', function (e) {\r\n\/\/             e.preventDefault(); \/\/ Prevent the default behavior of jumping to the anchor\r\n\/\/ \/\/ \t\t\tconsole.log(\"prevent default\");\r\n\/\/             const targetId = this.getAttribute('href').substring(1); \/\/ Get the ID of the target element\r\n\/\/             const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId); \/\/ Get the target element\r\n\r\n\/\/             if (targetElement) {\r\n\/\/                 const headerHeight = document.querySelector('#toc .header').offsetHeight; \/\/ Get the height of the fixed header\r\n\/\/                 const windowHeight = window.innerHeight; \/\/ Get the height of the viewport\r\n\/\/                 const targetOffset = targetElement.offsetTop; \/\/ Get the top offset of the target element\r\n\/\/                 const scrollTo = targetOffset + (windowHeight \/ 2) + (headerHeight); \/\/ Calculate the scroll position to center the target element\r\n\r\n\/\/                 \/\/ Scroll to the calculated position smoothly\r\n\/\/                 window.scrollTo({\r\n\/\/                     top: scrollTo,\r\n\/\/                     behavior: 'smooth'\r\n\/\/                 });\r\n\/\/             }\r\n\/\/         });\r\n\/\/     });\r\n\/\/ });\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n<!-- START script lama -->\r\n<!-- <script>\r\n\/\/ \tvar pilihDaftarIsi = document.getElementById('pilihDaftarIsi');\r\n\t\r\n\/\/ \tdocument.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\r\n\/\/ \t\tvar dropdownFixedTop = document.querySelector('.dropdown-fixed-top');\r\n\r\n\/\/ \t\tdropdownFixedTop.addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tvar dropdownContent = this.querySelector('.list_toc');\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tdropdownContent.classList.toggle('show');\r\n\/\/ \t\t});\r\n\r\n\/\/ \t\twindow.addEventListener('click', function(event) {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tvar listTocTop = document.getElementById('list_toc_top');\r\n\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tif (!dropdownFixedTop.contains(event.target)) {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t\tlistTocTop.classList.remove('show');\r\n\/\/ \t\t\t}\r\n\/\/ \t\t});\r\n\/\/ \t});\r\n\t\r\n\/\/ \tvar daftarIsiContainer = document.getElementById('toc_group_article');\r\n\/\/ \tvar dropdownFixedTop = document.getElementById('dropdown-fixed-top');\r\n\/\/     var triggered = false; \/\/ Flag to keep track of whether the function has been triggered\r\n\r\n\/\/     window.addEventListener('scroll', function() {\r\n\/\/         if (!triggered && isCompletelyScrolledPast(daftarIsiContainer)) {\r\n\/\/             showSectionDropdownFixedTop(false);\r\n\/\/             triggered = true;\r\n\/\/         } else if (triggered && !isCompletelyScrolledPast(daftarIsiContainer)) {\r\n\/\/             showSectionDropdownFixedTop(true);\r\n\/\/             triggered = false;\r\n\/\/         }\r\n\/\/     });\r\n\r\n\/\/     function isCompletelyScrolledPast(element) {\r\n\/\/         var elementTop = element.getBoundingClientRect().top;\r\n\/\/         var elementBottom = element.getBoundingClientRect().bottom;\r\n\/\/         return elementTop < 0 && elementBottom < 0;\r\n\/\/     }\r\n\r\n\/\/     function showSectionDropdownFixedTop(show) {\r\n\/\/ \t\tif (show) {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tdropdownFixedTop.classList.remove(\"show\");\r\n\/\/ \t\t} else {\r\n\/\/ \t\t\tdropdownFixedTop.classList.add(\"show\");\r\n\/\/ \t\t}\r\n\/\/     }\r\n<\/script> -->\r\n<!-- <script>\r\n    \/\/ Scrollspy function to highlight the active TOC item based on the scroll position\r\n  function scrollSpy(tocClass) {\r\n    const scrollPosition = window.scrollY;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Find the active h2 and h3 headings based on their position in the corresponding TOC\r\n    let activeH2 = null;\r\n    let activeH3 = null;\r\n\r\n    const tocItems = document.querySelectorAll(`.${tocClass} li`);\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (!a) return;\r\n      const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n      const targetId = href.substring(1); \/\/ Remove the '#' from the href to get the target ID\r\n      const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId);\r\n      if (!targetElement) return;\r\n\r\n      const targetTop = targetElement.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition;\r\n      const nextItem = item.nextElementSibling;\r\n      const nextTop = nextItem ? nextItem.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition : Infinity;\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop <= scrollPosition + 150) {\r\n        if (a.parentElement.parentElement === tocItems) {\r\n          \/\/ The h2 heading is at the root level of the TOC\r\n          activeH2 = { id: targetId, level: 'h2' };\r\n        } else {\r\n          \/\/ The h3 heading is nested under an h2 heading\r\n          const parentH2 = a.parentElement.parentElement.previousElementSibling;\r\n          if (parentH2) {\r\n            const h2Link = parentH2.querySelector('a');\r\n            if (h2Link) {\r\n              const h2Href = h2Link.getAttribute('href');\r\n              const h2Id = h2Href.substring(1);\r\n              activeH2 = { id: h2Id, level: 'h2' };\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n          activeH3 = { id: targetId, level: 'h3' };\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop > scrollPosition + 150 && nextTop > scrollPosition + 150 && !activeH3) {\r\n        \/\/ Reset the activeH2 when there are no more active h3 headings\r\n        activeH2 = null;\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Update the active state for the TOC items\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      item.classList.remove('active');\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (a) {\r\n        const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n        const targetId = href.substring(1);\r\n        if ((activeH2 && activeH2.id === targetId) || (activeH3 && activeH3.id === targetId)) {\r\n          item.classList.add('active');\r\n\t\t  pilihDaftarIsi.innerHTML = a.textContent;\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Call scrollSpy for each TOC on window scroll\r\n  const tocClasses = ['list_toc', 'list_toc_float', 'list_toc_top']; \/\/ Add other TOC class names here if you have more than two instances\r\n  tocClasses.forEach(tocClass => {\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', () => scrollSpy(tocClass));\r\n  });\r\n<\/script> -->\r\n<!-- END script lama -->\r\n\t\r\n<script>\r\n    \/\/ Scrollspy function to highlight the active TOC item based on the scroll position\r\n  function scrollSpy(tocClass) {\r\n    const scrollPosition = window.scrollY;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Find the active h2 and h3 headings based on their position in the corresponding TOC\r\n    let activeH2 = null;\r\n    let activeH3 = null;\r\n\r\n    const tocItems = document.querySelectorAll(`.${tocClass} li`);\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (!a) return;\r\n      const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n      const targetId = href.substring(1); \/\/ Remove the '#' from the href to get the target ID\r\n      const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetId);\r\n      if (!targetElement) return;\r\n\r\n      const targetTop = targetElement.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition;\r\n      const nextItem = item.nextElementSibling;\r\n      const nextTop = nextItem ? nextItem.getBoundingClientRect().top + scrollPosition : Infinity;\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop <= scrollPosition + 150) {\r\n        if (a.parentElement.parentElement === tocItems) {\r\n          \/\/ The h2 heading is at the root level of the TOC\r\n          activeH2 = { id: targetId, level: 'h2' };\r\n        } else {\r\n          \/\/ The h3 heading is nested under an h2 heading\r\n          const parentH2 = a.parentElement.parentElement.previousElementSibling;\r\n          if (parentH2) {\r\n            const h2Link = parentH2.querySelector('a');\r\n            if (h2Link) {\r\n              const h2Href = h2Link.getAttribute('href');\r\n              const h2Id = h2Href.substring(1);\r\n              activeH2 = { id: h2Id, level: 'h2' };\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n          activeH3 = { id: targetId, level: 'h3' };\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      if (targetTop > scrollPosition + 150 && nextTop > scrollPosition + 150 && !activeH3) {\r\n        \/\/ Reset the activeH2 when there are no more active h3 headings\r\n        activeH2 = null;\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Update the active state for the TOC items\r\n    tocItems.forEach(item => {\r\n      item.classList.remove('active');\r\n      const a = item.querySelector('a');\r\n      if (a) {\r\n        const href = a.getAttribute('href');\r\n        const targetId = href.substring(1);\r\n        if ((activeH2 && activeH2.id === targetId) || (activeH3 && activeH3.id === targetId)) {\r\n          item.classList.add('active');\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  \/\/ Call scrollSpy for each TOC on window scroll\r\n  const tocClasses = ['list_toc', 'list_toc_float']; \/\/ Add other TOC class names here if you have more than two instances\r\n  tocClasses.forEach(tocClass => {\r\n    window.addEventListener('scroll', () => scrollSpy(tocClass));\r\n  });\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n<!-- ToC List for desktop side bar, diganti jadi inject by php, di code snippet \"Sidebar Accordion\" -->\r\n<!--  <script>\r\n\tdocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\nToC List for desktop side bar, diganti jadi inject by php, di code snippet \"Sidebar Accordion\"\r\n        Fungsi untuk mengubah teks menjadi format id\r\n        function formatId(text) {\r\n            return text.trim().replace(\/[^\\w\\d]+\/g, '_');\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk membuat nested list\r\n        function createNestedList(parentNode, children) {\r\n            if (children.length === 0) return;\r\n\r\n            const nestedUl = document.createElement('ul');\r\n            children.forEach(child => {\r\n                const nestedLi = document.createElement('li');\r\n                const nestedA = document.createElement('a');\r\n                nestedA.textContent = child.title;\r\n                nestedA.href = `#${child.id}`;\r\n                nestedLi.appendChild(nestedA);\r\n                nestedUl.appendChild(nestedLi);\r\n\r\n                if (child.children.length > 0) {\r\n                    createNestedList(nestedLi, child.children);\r\n                }\r\n            });\r\n\r\n            parentNode.appendChild(nestedUl);\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Membuat objek untuk menyimpan daftar h2 dan h3 beserta judulnya\r\n        const headings = [];\r\n\r\n           \/\/ Mengambil semua elemen h2 dan h3\r\n        const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.td-post-content h2');\r\n\t\t\t\/\/, .td-post-content h3\r\n\r\n        elements.forEach(element => {\r\n            if (element.tagName === 'H2') {\r\n                const id = formatId(element.textContent);\r\n                element.id = id;\r\n\t\t\t\tif (element.textContent.toLowerCase() === \"key takeaways\") {return;} \/\/ Kalau Key Takeaways, jangan dimasukin\r\n                headings.push({ level: 'h2', id: id, title: element.textContent, children: [] });\r\n            } else if (element.tagName === 'H3') {\r\n                const id = formatId(element.textContent);\r\n                element.id = id;\r\n                if (headings.length > 0) {\r\n                    headings[headings.length - 1].children.push({ level: 'h3', id: id, title: element.textContent, children: [] });\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        });\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Membuat list HTML dari objek headings\r\n        const ul = document.getElementById('list_toc');\r\n        let currentUl = ul;\r\n        headings.forEach(heading => {\r\n            const li = document.createElement('li');\r\n            const a = document.createElement('a');\r\n            a.textContent = heading.title;\r\n            a.href = `#${heading.id}`;\r\n            li.appendChild(a);\r\n\r\n            if (heading.level === 'h2') {\r\n                \/\/ Menyimpan ul saat ini untuk menambahkan nested ul\r\n                currentUl = li;\r\n                ul.appendChild(li);\r\n            } else if (heading.level === 'h3') {\r\n                if (!currentUl.lastElementChild || currentUl.lastElementChild.tagName !== 'UL') {\r\n                    \/\/ Jika belum ada nested ul, buat satu\r\n                    const nestedUl = document.createElement('ul');\r\n                    currentUl.appendChild(nestedUl);\r\n                    currentUl = nestedUl;\r\n                }\r\n                currentUl.appendChild(li);\r\n            }\r\n\r\n            createNestedList(li, heading.children);\r\n        });\r\n\t\tDapatkan elemen ul dengan id 'list_toc_float'\r\nconst ulFloat = document.getElementById('list_toc');\r\nconst ulJourney = document.getElementById('list_journey');\r\n\r\nDapatkan isi (child elements) dari ul dengan id 'list_toc_float'\r\n\tif (ulFloat !== null) {\r\n\t\tconst clonedChildren = ulFloat.cloneNode(true).children;\r\n\t\tconst ulToc = document.getElementById('list_toc_float');\r\n\t\tconst ulTocTop = document.getElementById('list_toc_top');\r\n\t\tif ((ulToc !== null || ulToc !== undefined) && window.innerWidth > 1018){\r\n\t\t\tulToc.append(...clonedChildren);\r\n\t\t} else {\r\n\t\t\tulTocTop.append(...clonedChildren);\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t} \r\n\r\n\tif (ulJourney !== null) {\r\n\t\tconst clonedChildrenJourney = ulJourney.cloneNode(true).children;\r\n\t\tconst ulTocJourney = document.getElementById('list_toc_journey');\r\n\t\tulTocJourney.append(...clonedChildrenJourney);\r\n\t} \r\n\t\r\n        Fungsi untuk mengambil tinggi navbar\r\n        function getNavbarHeight() {\r\n            const navbar = document.getElementById('tdi_34');\r\n            return navbar ? navbar.offsetHeight : 0;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk menambahkan offset posisi scroll\r\n        function scrollToElementWithOffset(elementId) {\r\n            const element = document.getElementById(elementId);\r\n            if (element) {\r\n                const offset = getNavbarHeight();\r\n                const elementPosition = element.getBoundingClientRect().top;\r\n                const offsetPosition = elementPosition - offset-40;\r\n\r\n                window.scrollBy({\r\n                    top: offsetPosition,\r\n                    behavior: 'smooth'\r\n                });\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Fungsi untuk menangani klik pada tautan judul\r\n        function handleTitleClick(event) {\r\n            event.preventDefault();\r\n            const href = event.target.getAttribute('href').substr(1);\r\n            scrollToElementWithOffset(href);\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Tambahkan event listener untuk semua tautan judul\r\n        const titleLinks = document.querySelectorAll('a[href^=\"#\"]');\r\n        titleLinks.forEach(link => {\r\n            link.addEventListener('click', handleTitleClick);\r\n        });\r\n\t});\r\n    <\/script> -->\r\n\n<style>\r\n\t.takeaways-container {\r\n\t\tmargin: 20px 0;\r\n\t\tfont-family: sans-serif;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.box-content {\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #fffacd;\r\n\t\tbox-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 25px;\r\n\t\tpadding: 25px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.title {\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 20px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.title p {\r\n\t\tdisplay: inline-block;\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #8A0E19;\r\n\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\r\n\t\tpadding: 8px 15px;\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 8px;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 22px;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: bold;\r\n\t\tmargin: 0;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.item {\r\n\t\tdisplay: flex;\r\n\t\talign-items: flex-start;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 12px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.item .circle {\r\n\t\twidth: 8px;\r\n\t\theight: 8px;\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #000000;\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 50%;\r\n\t\tmargin-right: 12px;\r\n\t\tflex-shrink: 0;\r\n\t\tmargin-top: 8px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.item p {\r\n\t\tmargin: 0;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 16px;\r\n\t\tline-height: 1.6;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.item p a {\r\n\t\tcolor: #8A0E19;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: normal;\r\n\t\ttext-decoration: none;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.item p a:hover {\r\n\t\ttext-decoration: underline;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.button-wrapper {\r\n\t\tmargin-top: 25px;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.submit-button {\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #8a0e19;\r\n\t\tcolor: #fff !important;\r\n\t\ttransition: all .3s ease;\r\n\t\tpadding: 12px 28px;\r\n\t\tdisplay: inline-block;\r\n\t\tborder-radius: 12px;\r\n\t\tfont-size: 16px;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: bold;\r\n\t\ttext-decoration: none;\r\n\t}\r\n\t.submit-button:hover {\r\n\t\tbackground-color: #991b26;\r\n\t}\r\n\t@media (max-width: 767px) {\r\n\t\t.takeaways-container {\r\n\t\t\theight: auto;\r\n\t\t\tpadding: 0;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t.box-content {\r\n\t\t\tpadding: 24px;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t\t.content,\r\n\t\t.main-content,\r\n\t\t.list-item {\r\n\t\t\twidth: 100%;\r\n\t\t}\r\n\t}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"takeaways-container\">\r\n\t<div class=\"box-content\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"content\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<p>Key Takeaways<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"main-content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"list-item\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item\">    <div class=\"circle\"><\/div>    <p><a href=\"#what-is-last-mile-delivery\">Last mile delivery refers to<\/a> the final movement of goods from a distribution centre to the customer.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item\">    <div class=\"circle\"><\/div>    <p><a href=\"#how-last-mile-delivery-works\">Last mile delivery follows a<\/a> series of steps that move orders from fulfilment to final delivery.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item\">    <div class=\"circle\"><\/div>    <p><a href=\"#what-drives-last-mile-delivery-costs\">Several factors influence the<\/a> cost of delivering goods, including labour, fuel, routing, and returns.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"item\">    <div class=\"circle\"><\/div>    <p><a href=\"#how-delivery-management-software-supports-last-mile-operations\">Delivery management software helps<\/a> businesses improve route planning, tracking, and delivery visibility.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\r\n    <div class=\"adjustable-banner-wrap\">\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/inventory?medium=moneysite-banner\" target=\"_blank\">\r\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\"\r\n                 src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/inventory_desktop_4.webp\"\r\n                 data-desktop-src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/inventory_desktop_4.webp\"\r\n                 data-mobile-src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/inventory_mobile_4.webp\"\r\n                 alt=\"Inventory4\"\r\n                 class=\"responsive-image-banner\">\r\n\r\n            \r\n            <div class=\"adjustable-banner-overlay\" style=\"width: 58%\">\r\n                <p class=\"adjustable-banner-text\"><span class=\"adjustable-highlight\">Need an<\/span> expert to <span class=\"adjustable-highlight\">optimise last mile delivery<\/span>?<\/p>\r\n                <div class=\"adjustable-banner-btn\">Schedule a Consultation<\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/a>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<script>\r\n    \/\/ check which image to use based on screensize\r\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\r\n        function updateImageSource() {\r\n            var images = document.querySelectorAll('.responsive-image-banner');\r\n            var screenWidth = window.innerWidth;\r\n\r\n            images.forEach(function(img) {\r\n                var mobileSrc = img.getAttribute('data-mobile-src');\r\n                var desktopSrc = img.getAttribute('data-desktop-src');\r\n\r\n                if (screenWidth < 576 && mobileSrc) {\r\n                    img.setAttribute('src', mobileSrc);\r\n                } else {\r\n                    img.setAttribute('src', desktopSrc);\r\n                }\r\n            });\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Initial check\r\n        updateImageSource();\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Update on resize\r\n        window.addEventListener('resize', updateImageSource);\r\n    });\r\n<\/script>\n<h2><strong>What Is Last Mile Delivery?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Last mile delivery refers to the final movement of goods from a warehouse, distribution centre, or local hub to the customer. It is often the most visible stage of the delivery process.<\/p>\n<p>The term &#8220;last mile&#8221; describes the final leg of a product&#8217;s journey before it reaches the end customer. While usually the shortest part of the supply chain, it can also be one of the most costly and complex.<\/p>\n<p>Because it directly affects delivery speed, order accuracy, and customer satisfaction, last mile delivery plays an important role in logistics performance.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Last Mile Delivery vs Final Mile Delivery<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Although the terms are often used interchangeably, some businesses use them to describe slightly different types of delivery services.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 20px 0; border-radius: 12px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 700px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background: #90191C; color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 12px 14px;\">Term<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #90191C; color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 12px 14px;\">Common Usage<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #90191C; color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 12px 14px;\">Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font-weight: bold;\">Last Mile Delivery<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Ecommerce, courier, retail delivery<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Parcel delivered to a home<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fafafa;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; font-weight: bold;\">Final Mile Delivery<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px;\">Furniture, appliances, equipment delivery<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px;\">Refrigerator delivered with installation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>The difference often comes down to delivery complexity. Last mile delivery is typically associated with parcels, while final mile delivery may involve larger items that require additional services.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How Last Mile Delivery Works<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5244\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278.webp\" alt=\"How Last Mile Delivery Works\" width=\"1257\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278.webp 1257w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-300x144.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-1024x492.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-768x369.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-874x420.webp 874w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-150x72.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-696x334.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/How-Last-Mile-Delivery-Works-1-e1781148627278-1068x513.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1257px) 100vw, 1257px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Last mile delivery follows a series of steps designed to move orders efficiently from a warehouse or distribution centre to the customer.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Order Received and Processed<\/h3>\n<p>Once an order is placed, delivery details are verified and prepared for fulfilment within a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/supply-chain-management-system\/\">system for centralising logistics processes<\/a> across the warehouse or distribution network.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Goods Picked and Packed<\/h3>\n<p>Warehouse staff collect the required items, verify order accuracy, and prepare packages for dispatch.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Delivery Route Assigned<\/h3>\n<p>Orders are allocated to delivery routes based on factors such as location, delivery windows, vehicle capacity, and route efficiency.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Driver or Courier Dispatched<\/h3>\n<p>Drivers or courier partners receive delivery assignments and begin transporting orders to their destinations.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Customer Receives Tracking Updates<\/h3>\n<p>Customers are provided with delivery notifications and tracking information so they can monitor the status of their orders.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Proof of Delivery Recorded<\/h3>\n<p>Upon successful delivery, proof of delivery is captured through signatures, photos, or digital confirmation records, supporting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/order-fulfillment\/\">managing timely order completion<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why Last Mile Delivery Matters for Australian Businesses<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Last mile delivery has a direct impact on customer satisfaction. Fast, reliable deliveries help businesses meet expectations and build customer trust.<\/p>\n<p>It also affects operational efficiency. Effective delivery planning can reduce transport costs, improve resource utilisation, and minimise delays.<\/p>\n<p>For Australian businesses, long travel distances and regional service areas can make last mile delivery more challenging, leading many organisations to adopt<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/supply-chain-management-software\/\"> SCM software in Australia<\/a> to improve coordination.<\/p>\n<style>\r\n    #custom-quote {\r\n        background-color: #f0f0f0;\r\n        padding: 20px;\r\n        border-radius: 12px;\r\n        margin: 20px;\r\n        display: flex;\r\n        flex-direction: column;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    #custom-quote .quote-body {\r\n        display: flex;\r\n        flex-direction: row;\r\n        align-items: flex-start;\r\n        gap: 15px;\r\n        font-size: 16px;\r\n        line-height: 1.5;\r\n        font-style: italic;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    #custom-quote .quote-icon {\r\n        width: 40px;\r\n        height: 40px;\r\n        flex-shrink: 0;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    #custom-quote .quote-author-wrapper {\r\n        margin-top: 15px;\r\n        align-self: flex-start;\r\n        margin-left: 55px; \r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 0px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    #custom-quote em {\r\n        font-family: 'Roboto Serif', serif !important;\r\n        font-size: 12px;\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        font-style: normal;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media screen and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n        #custom-quote {\r\n            margin: 15px 0;\r\n            padding: 15px;\r\n        }\r\n        \r\n        #custom-quote .quote-body {\r\n            gap: 12px;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        #custom-quote .quote-author-wrapper {\r\n            margin-left: 52px;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media screen and (max-width: 480px) {\r\n        #custom-quote {\r\n            margin: 10px 0;\r\n            padding: 12px;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        #custom-quote .quote-body {\r\n            font-size: 14px;\r\n            gap: 10px;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        #custom-quote .quote-icon {\r\n            width: 32px;\r\n            height: 32px;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        #custom-quote .quote-author-wrapper {\r\n            margin-top: 10px;\r\n            margin-left: 42px;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"custom-quote\">\r\n    <div class=\"quote-body\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/quote.webp\" alt=\"Quote Icon\" class=\"quote-icon\">\r\n        <div>\r\n            Efficient last mile delivery depends on visibility, route optimisation, and timely communication. Businesses that connect delivery operations with real-time data are often better equipped to control costs and meet customer expectations.        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <p class=\"quote-author-wrapper\">\r\n        <em>Jessica Nolan, Senior Software Engineer<\/em>\r\n    <\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n<h2><strong>Common Last Mile Delivery Challenges<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Last mile delivery can be difficult to manage due to cost pressures, customer expectations, and operational complexity.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Failed Delivery Attempts<\/h3>\n<p>Missed deliveries can increase transport costs and require additional scheduling, redelivery, and customer service effort.<\/p>\n<h3>2. High Delivery Costs<\/h3>\n<p>Fuel, labour, vehicle maintenance, and delivery density all contribute to rising last mile delivery expenses.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Poor Route Planning<\/h3>\n<p>Inefficient routes can lead to longer delivery times, higher fuel consumption, and reduced driver productivity.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Limited Delivery Visibility<\/h3>\n<p>Without real-time tracking, businesses may struggle to monitor delivery progress and respond to issues quickly without <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/supply-chain-management\">software for improving logistics visibility<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Customer Availability Issues<\/h3>\n<p>Customers may not be available during delivery windows, resulting in delays and additional delivery attempts.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Driver Delays and Traffic<\/h3>\n<p>Traffic congestion, road closures, and unexpected disruptions can affect delivery schedules and service reliability.<\/p>\n<h3>7. Manual Proof of Delivery<\/h3>\n<p>Paper-based delivery records can be slow to process and increase the risk of missing or inaccurate information.<\/p>\n<h3>8. Returns and Reverse Logistics<\/h3>\n<p>Managing returns often adds extra transport, handling, and administrative costs to delivery operations.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What Drives Last Mile Delivery Costs?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Several factors influence the cost of delivering goods to customers. Understanding these cost drivers can help businesses improve efficiency and control delivery expenses.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 20px 0; border-radius: 12px;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; min-width: 850px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background: #90191C; color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 12px 14px;\">Cost Driver<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #90191C; color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 12px 14px;\">Business Impact<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #90191C; color: #fff; text-align: left; padding: 12px 14px;\">How to Reduce It<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font-weight: bold;\">Fuel and vehicle expenses<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Higher cost per delivery<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Optimise routes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fafafa;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font-weight: bold;\">Driver wages<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Higher labour cost<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Improve dispatch planning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font-weight: bold;\">Low delivery density<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Longer travel time<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Consolidate deliveries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fafafa;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font-weight: bold;\">Failed delivery attempts<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Extra delivery costs<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Use notifications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font-weight: bold;\">Manual admin work<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Slow processing<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;\">Automate workflows<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #fafafa;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px; font-weight: bold;\">Returns handling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px;\">Higher reverse logistics costs<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px 14px;\">Connect returns and inventory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Balancing delivery costs with customer expectations can be challenging. Faster delivery services often improve customer satisfaction but may increase operating costs.<\/p>\n<p>Many businesses reduce hidden delivery expenses by improving route planning, automating administrative tasks, and increasing visibility across delivery activities.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How to Improve Last Mile Delivery<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5243\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1.webp\" alt=\"how to improve last mile delivery\" width=\"1280\" height=\"714\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1.webp 1280w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-1024x571.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-768x428.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-753x420.webp 753w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-696x388.webp 696w, https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/how-to-improve-last-mile-delivery-1-1068x596.webp 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Improving last mile delivery requires a combination of better planning, technology, and operational visibility.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Optimise Delivery Routes<\/h3>\n<p>Route optimisation helps reduce travel time, fuel consumption, and delivery delays by identifying the most efficient delivery paths.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Use Real-Time Delivery Tracking<\/h3>\n<p>Live tracking allows businesses and customers to monitor deliveries as they happen and respond more quickly to disruptions.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Automate Dispatch Planning<\/h3>\n<p>Automated dispatch tools can assign deliveries more efficiently based on location, capacity, and delivery schedules.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Provide Accurate Delivery Windows<\/h3>\n<p>Clear delivery time estimates help manage customer expectations and reduce missed deliveries.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Use Electronic Proof of Delivery<\/h3>\n<p>Digital signatures, photos, and mobile confirmations provide faster and more reliable proof of completed deliveries.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Monitor Driver and Fleet Performance<\/h3>\n<p>Tracking delivery performance is essential for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/delivery-management\/\">managing delivery performance<\/a>, identifying inefficiencies, and improving service levels.<\/p>\n<h3>7. Connect Delivery Data with Inventory and Sales Orders<\/h3>\n<p>Integrating delivery information with inventory and order data improves visibility and helps maintain accurate fulfilment records.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How Delivery Management Software Supports Last Mile Operations<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Delivery management software helps businesses improve route planning, dispatching, tracking, and proof of delivery, providing better visibility across last mile operations.<\/p>\n<p>By centralising delivery data, businesses can monitor performance more effectively. Many also integrate delivery tools with a fleet management system to improve visibility across vehicles and drivers.<\/p>\n<h3>Benefits of Last Mile Delivery Software<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Better route optimisation:<\/strong> Reduce travel time and improve delivery efficiency.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Faster dispatch planning:<\/strong> Assign deliveries more effectively based on routes and capacity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Real-time delivery visibility:<\/strong> Monitor deliveries and respond quickly to operational issues.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Improved proof of delivery tracking:<\/strong> Capture digital confirmations and maintain accurate delivery records.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lower operational costs:<\/strong> Reduce manual work and improve overall delivery performance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Many businesses use a delivery management software solution to improve delivery visibility, automate workflows, and support more efficient last mile operations.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Last mile delivery plays a critical role in customer satisfaction, delivery performance, and logistics efficiency. Businesses that optimise delivery processes can reduce costs while improving service quality.<\/p>\n<p>By improving route planning, delivery visibility, and operational control, organisations can build more efficient and scalable delivery operations.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;re looking to streamline last mile operations, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/free-product-tour\/?medium=free-product-tour\">schedule a free consultation<\/a> to see how delivery management software can support your business.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/fleet-management?medium=moneysite-banner\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"712\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Fleet.webp\" alt=\"Fleet Management\"><\/a>\n<h2 class=\"faqTitle\">Frequently Asked Question<\/h2>\r\n<style>\r\n\t#main-article p.faqTitle{\r\n\t\ttext-align: center;\r\n\t\tmargin-bottom: 0;\r\n\t\tmargin-top: 50px;\r\n\t\tfont-weight: 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customer.<\/p>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"accordion-wrapper\">\r\n        <div class=\"header-faq\">\r\n            <button class=\"question\">Why is last mile delivery expensive?<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"answer\">\r\n            <p>Last mile delivery can be expensive due to labour costs, fuel expenses, failed deliveries, route inefficiencies, and low delivery density.<\/p>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"accordion-wrapper\">\r\n        <div class=\"header-faq\">\r\n            <button class=\"question\">What are common last mile delivery challenges?<\/button>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"answer\">\r\n            <p>Common challenges include failed delivery attempts, high delivery costs, poor route planning, limited visibility, and returns management.<\/p>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"accordion-wrapper\">\r\n        <div class=\"header-faq\">\r\n            <button 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This process involves route planning, dispatching drivers, providing tracking updates, recording proof of delivery, and keeping customers informed throughout the delivery journey. What Is Last Mile Delivery? Last [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":5237,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5175","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-logistic"},"acf":{"post_reviewer":64},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Last Mile Delivery: Costs, Challenges &amp; Solutions<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how last mile delivery works, the key cost drivers, common challenges, and strategies to improve delivery performance.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hashmicro.com\/au\/blog\/last-mile-delivery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Last Mile Delivery: Costs, Challenges &amp; 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